The majority of the skeleton arises by endochondral ossification, whereby cartilaginous templates expand and are resorbed by osteoclasts then replaced by osteoblastic bone formation. Ephrin B2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by osteoblasts and growth plate chondrocytes that promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclast formation. We investigated the role of ephrin B2 in en...

INTRODUCTION It is important to understand the drivers leading to adaptive phenotypic diversity within and among species. The threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) has become a model system for investigating the genetic and phenotypic responses during repeated colonization of fresh waters from the original marine habitat. During the freshwater colonization process there has been a rec...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to further evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of two locking screws versus three standard bicortical screws in synthetic models of normal and osteoporotic bone. METHODS Synthetic tubular bone models representing normal bone density and osteoporotic bone density were used. Artificial fracture gaps of 1 cm were created in each specimen before fixation with one of two...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to design a customized fixation plate for mandibular angle fracture using topological optimization based on the biomechanical properties of the two conventional fixation systems, and compare the results of stress, strain and displacement distributions calculated by finite element analysis (FEA). METHODS A three-dimensional (3D) virtual mandible was rec...

Relevance to Muscloskeletal Condition: Although the use of autografts in anterior interbody fusion of the cervical spine is the gold standard, complications and morbidity rates are very high. Also, allografts present numerous other problems including a low bone fusion rate as well as the possibility of disease transmission. Therefore, artificial bone substitutes such as ceramics and polymethylm...

A 58-year-old female patient was referred to our division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeryby a general dental practitioner with swelling symptoms in the left cheek. Five months earlier, she had fractured her left zygomatic bone, which was fixed using a resorbable plate. A maxillofacial computed tomographic scan taken upon the first visit showed a clear swelling of the soft tissue next to the l...

We report a 38-year-old male with a nonunion followed by plate breakage after volar plating of a distal radius osteotomy. Volar locking plates have added a new approach to the treatment of distal radius malunions, due to a lower morbidity of the surgical approach and the strength of the final construction, allowing early mobilization and return to function. Conclusion. Plate breakage is an unco...

Recently, there has been a trend towards high statistical indicators of the number bone fractures lower limbs(47.3%), which diaphyseal leg bones make up 45‒56 %. Objective. Conduct comparative analysisof stress-strain state models with fracture tibia under torsional loading combined various optionsof osteosynthesis and depending on patient's weight. Methods. A was modeled in middle third diaphy...

During autopsy, a reconstructed partial mandibular resection was recovered and subjected to histological examination. The mandible had been reconstructed 12 weeks earlier with a caudal plate and autologous cancellous bone from the iliac crest. Undecalcified microsections showed that the plate was firmly anchored by screws on both sides and on one side there was bony union. However, most of the ...