Alumina-supported manganese catalysts with cryptomelane and/or birnessite structure have been prepared using a simple method based on the thermal decomposition of potassium permanganate. The samples have been characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, DSC, N2 adsorption at −196 °C, SEM, H2-TPR and XPS, and their catalytic activity for soot combustion has been tested and compared to that of a reference Pt...

III. Project background: The SERDP statement of need that led to this research project focuses on a requirement for better models of the mechanisms of soot formation in combustion. Soot and its combustion precursors present human health hazards. In the case of Army fighting vehicles, such as those powered by diesel engines, it is of interest to achieve the maximum possible power density. One wa...

With the beginning of the Industrial Revolution came a significant increase in anthropogenic atmospheric emissions, including but not limited to aerosols. Two such primarily anthropogenic aerosols are black carbon (BC), found in soot, and sulfate, from SO2 emissions. Both are often products of combustion processes; however, they differ in that while BC is insoluble as emitted, sulfate is signif...

Diesel soot, an important contributor to atmospheric aerosols, consists of a complex mixture of compounds. However, a very limited knowledge on the organic composition of aerosol and the water soluble fraction exists. A considerable portion of polar (oxygenated) organic compounds remained unanalysed, and additional analyses are needed to identify the polar compounds. Column fractionation of a d...

Soot sensors are required for on-board diagnostics (OBD) of automotive diesel particulate filters (DPF) to detect filter failures. Widely used for this purpose are conductometric sensors, measuring an electrical current or resistance between two electrodes. Soot particles deposit on the electrodes, which leads to an increase in current or decrease in resistance. If installed upstream of a DPF, ...

Soot particles produced by incomplete combustion processes are one of the major components of urban air pollution. Chemistry at their surfaces lead to the heterogeneous conversion of several key trace gases; for example NO(2) interacts with soot and is converted into HONO, which rapidly photodissociates to form OH in the troposphere. In the dark, soot surfaces are rapidly deactivated under atmo...

III. Project background: The SERDP statement of need that led to this research project focuses on a requirement for better models of the mechanisms of soot formation in combustion. Soot and its combustion precursors present human health hazards. In the case of Army fighting vehicles, such as those powered by diesel engines, it is of interest to achieve the maximum possible power density. One wa...

The combustion of pretroleum based fuels like kerosene, gasoline, or diesel leads to the formation of several kind of pollutants. Among them, soot particles are particularly bad for their severe consequences on human health. Over the past decades, strict regulations have been placed on car and aircraft engines in order to limit these particulate matter emissions. Designing low emission engines ...

Soot supports the powerful—but initially confusing—notion of “phase options”. This document aims to clear up the confusion so you can exploit the power of phase options. Soot’s execution is divided into a number of phases. For example, JimpleBodys are built by a phase called jb, which is itself comprised of subphases, such as the aggregation of local variables (jb.a). Phase options provide a wa...