Identifying traits that affect rates of speciation and extinction and, hence, explain differences in species diversity among clades is a major goal of evolutionary biology. Detecting such traits is especially difficult when they undergo frequent transitions between states. Self-incompatibility, the ability of hermaphrodites to enforce outcrossing, is frequently lost in flowering plants, enablin...

Abstract The reduction of post-harvest losses (PHLs) has been identified as a key pathway to food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa. However, despite policy prioritisation, knowledge about the severity PHLs remains scant, especially when it comes nutrient-dense crops such African nightshade bush beans. Therefore, this paper identifies loss hotspots, causes effects throughout value ch...

Roundup Ready cotton varieties are widely planted on the Texas High Plains, with effective control of a wide range of annual and perennial weeds achieved with glyphosate. With the current Roundup Ready technologies, postemergence over-the-top (POST) applications must be made prior to the 5-leaf cotton growth stage. Wet or windy conditions may make it difficult to treat large acreages during thi...

We report the powdery mildew Golovinomyces ambrosiae for first time on silverleaf nightshade (Solanum azureum), a host plant endemic to northern Sinaloa and southern Sonora, Mexico. No teleomorph was observed, requiring fungal species be identified based morphological characteristics of anamorph. Phylogenetic analyses ITS region partial sequence β-tubulin gene from four specimens confirmed iden...

The primary diseases affecting Zingiberaceae plants include ginger plague, spot blotch, anthracnose, leaf spot, blight, and soft rot. Insect pests that pose a threat to these encompass root-knot nematode disease, drilling bugs, beet nightshade moths, mesquite, thrips, aphids. This article aims summarize the defining features of principal as well their control methods. intention is offer theoret...

Anticholinergics have been used to treat obstructive respiratory disease for many years from historical preparations of the deadly nightshade genus, to the more recent developments ofipratropium, oxitropium, and tiotropium. The medical treatment of airways obstruction has focused on achieving maximal airway function through bronchodilators. Of the two main bronchodilators, beta2-agonists are of...