The aim of this study was to determine if taste interactions occur when bitter stimuli are mixed. Eight bitter stimuli were employed: Denatonium benzoate (DB), (L-phe), Ranitidine-HCl, and Tetralone®. The first experiment constructed individual psychophysical curves for each subject (n=19) for each compound to account for individual differences in sensitivities when presenting bitter compounds ...

Taste plays a crucial role in the life of honey bees as their survival depends on the collection and intake of nectar and pollen, and other natural products. Here we studied the tarsal taste of honey bees through a series of behavioral and electrophysiological analyses. We characterized responsiveness to various sweet, salty and bitter tastants delivered to gustatory sensilla of the fore tarsi....

The sense of taste is critical in determining the nutritional suitability of foods. Sweet and bitter are primary taste modalities in mammals, and their behavioral relevance is similar in flies. Sweet taste drives the appetitive response to energy sources, whereas bitter taste drives avoidance of potential toxins and also suppresses the sweet response [1, 2]. Despite their importance to survival...

BACKGROUND Bitter taste is the primary culprit for rejection of pediatric liquid medications. We probed the underlying biology of bitter sensing and the efficacy of two known bitter blockers in children and adults. METHODS A racially diverse group of 154 children (3-10 years old) and their mothers (N = 118) evaluated the effectiveness of two bitter blockers, sodium gluconate (NaG) and monosod...

Food contains complex blends of structurally diverse bitter compounds that trigger bitterness through activation of one or more of the ∼25 human TAS2 bitter taste receptors. It remains unsolved, however, whether the perceived bitterness of binary bitter-compound mixtures can be considered an additive function of all bitter-inducing chemicals in the mouth, suggesting that little mutual interacti...

three experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of bitter vetch. experiment 1 was conducted to determine the metabolisable energy content of bitter vetch. sixteen adult leghorn roosters were used. forty grams of bitter vetch were precision-fed individually to 12 roosters. in addition, 4 birds were not fed and served as a control treatment in the measurement of metabolic fecal...

The African Non-Spiny (ANS) clade contains 14 species of mostly large canopy lianas or scandent shrubs confined to Madagascar (10) and continental Africa (4, with with one species reaching the southern Arabian peninsula). Members of the clade were previously classified in sections Afrosolanum Bitter, Benderianum Bitter, Lemurisolanum Bitter, Macronesiotes Bitter and Quadrangulare Bitter, and we...

• Drinking a bitter beverage increases happy participants' inclination to save money. • Drinking a bitter beverage decreases unhappy participants' inclination to save money. • Priming bitterness-related concepts increases happy participants' inclination to save money. • Priming bitterness-related concepts decreases unhappy participants' inclination to save money. • Drinking a bitter beverage de...