The microbial conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production represents a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. However, the discovery of new microbial enzymes with high activity is critical for improving biomass conversion processes. While attempts to identify superior lignocellulose-degrading enzymes have focused predominantly on the animal gut, biomass-degrading communities in...

in this study, feasibility of upgrading and retrofitting municipal wastewater treatment plantswas investigated at laboratory scale using moving bed biofilm reactor (mbbr) process. for this purpose,an aerobic pilot was operated for nearly one year in different conditions, in which a moving bed carrier with aspecific biofilm surface area of 500 m2/m3 and a filling rate of 60% was utilized. system...

introduction: fao aquacrop model (raes et al., 2009a; steduto et al., 2009) is a user-friendly and practitioner oriented type of model, because it maintains an optimal balance between accuracy, robustness, and simplicity; and it requires a relatively small number of model input parameters. the fao aquacrop model predicts crop productivity, water requirement, and water use efficiency under water...

the phytoremediation capability in pb removal from the contaminated soils by three native seedlings species (acer cappadocicum, fraxinus excelsior and thuja orientalis) and one exotic species (cupressus arizonica) were compared. the seedlings were grown in pb contaminated soils at 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg kg-1 concentrations for 6 months (mar 21 to sept. 22, 2015), after which the bioma...

Accurate measurement and mapping of biomass is a critical component of carbon stock quantification, climate change impact assessment, suitability and location of bio-energy processing plants, assessing fuel for forest fires, and assessing merchandisable timber. While above-ground biomass includes both live and dead plant material, most of the recent research effort on biomass estimation has foc...

Biomass is the component of living organism and mostly obtained from plants, animals, insects and the residue of all the mentioned organisms. Biomass is the key source of energy present in the form of organic matter. The study aimed to find out biomass and its variation in each component of Betula utilis D. Don (Birch Tree) with varying diameter at Kalam forest division Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa...

Thermal conversion of biomass is a rapid, low-cost way to produce a dense liquid product, known as bio-oil, that can be refined to transportation fuels. However, utilization of bio-oil is challenging due to its chemical complexity, acidity, and instability – all results of the intricate nature of biomass. A clear understanding of how biomass properties impact yield and composition of thermal pr...

Despite recent studies on bio-fuels for carbon mitigation, biomass resource shortages in Japan continue to be a serious concern. To deal with this future problem, we evaluated whether the large amounts of biomass supplied from arid land afforestation in Western Australia could compensate for this biomass resource shortage, by estimating how much biomass as bio-fuel resource could be produced by...