Background: As two of the most prominent cultural components, spirituality and religion give sense to our human values, conducts, and experiences. The spiritual dimension is one of the four significant aspects of holistic care. However, the diversity of views has resulted in different interpretations of the reality of spirituality and its origins and consequences. Aim: This study aimed to exami...

Self-driving cars not only solve the problem of navigating safely from location A to B; they also have deal with an abundance (sometimes unpredictable) factors, such as traffic rules, weather conditions, and interactions humans. Over last decades, different approaches been proposed design intelligent driving systems for self-driving that can uncontrolled environment. Some them are derived compu...

The skeleton contains the majority of the body's lead burden in both children and adults. The half-life of lead in bone is in the range of years to decades, depending on bone type, metabolic state, and subject age, among other things. Measurement of skeletal lead has benefited greatly from the recent development of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) instruments that can make rapid, safe, accurate, and re...

Penile cancer is a rare tumor. There is a limited understanding of the biological mediators of prognostic and therapeutic importance in penile cancer. However, there exists some fundamental understanding of the major pathways involved in the development of penile pre-neoplastic lesions and neoplasms. The aim of the present review is to highlight our current state of molecular knowledge in penil...

Synthetic biology, comprising many aspects including in vivo, in vitro and in silico techniques, models and methods, programming paradigms and tools, is a rapidly growing field with promising potential in building new synthetically constructed devices and systems. Synthetic biology features unconventional biological systems that do not naturally exist in nature. In this paper, we discuss a soft...

Rhodopsins are currently known to belong to two distinct protein families. The visual rhodopsins, found in eyes throughout the animal kingdom, are photosensory pigments. Archaeal rhodopsins, found in extreme halophiles, function as light-driven proton pumps (bacteriorhodopsins), chloride ion pumps (halorhodopsins), or photosensory receptors (sensory rhodopsins). Light absorption by rhodopsins t...

We posit a new paradigm for image information processing. For the last 25 years, this task was usually approached in the frame of Triesman’s twostage paradigm [1]. The latter supposes an unsupervised, bottom-up directed process of preliminary information pieces gathering at the lower processing stages and a supervised, top-down directed process of information pieces binding and grouping at the ...

Gene assembly in stichotrichous ciliates happening during sexual reproduction is one of the most involved DNA manipulation processes occurring in biology. This biological process is of high interest from the computational and mathematical points of view due to its close analogy with such concepts and notions in theoretical computer science as permutation and linked list sorting and string rewri...

Gender-specific approaches to health and health care recognize the different experiences of women and men and of various populations of women or men. As yet, little is known about men’s gender-specific health care needs. This article outlines precepts for developing new theoretical paradigms and research models and offers direction for social scientists and practitioners in the nascent field of...