The major purpose of this study was to develop a simple procedure to describe the kinetics of biodegradation of natural organic matter (NOM) in drinking water and to use this procedure to evaluate changes in the concentration of biodegradable organic matter during ozonation and biotreatment. The proposed approach quantitatively describes the formation and removal of rapidly and slowly biodegrad...

Environmentally Degradable Parameter ((Ed)K) is of importance in the describing of biodegradability of environmentally biodegradable polymers (BDPs). In this study, a concept (Ed)K was introduced. A test procedure of using the ISO 14852 method and detecting the evolved carbon dioxide as an analytical parameter was developed, and the calculated (Ed)K was used as an indicator for the ultimate bio...

Residual glycerin, a co-product obtained in the biodiesel production by transesterification reaction, has been generated great quantities last decade due to increase demand of this biofuel. Therefore, researches related high added value and environmental friendly materials using residual glycerin are fundamental for an appropriate destination waste. In context, present study aims on reuse synth...

1 Definition of bioplastics The two main groups of bioplastics are biobased polymers and biodegradable plastics. Biobased polymers are derived from biomass sources, which are not necessarily biodegradable. Biodegradable plastics, on the other hand, can be either made of natural or fossil sources. In 2012, the IUPAC recommended a terminology for biorelated polymers [1, 2]. Two further, special c...

This discussion explores the possibility of having a measure of the biodegradable organic carbon content in solid wastes. Currently, indirect measures for determining the concentration of biodegradable organic matter are being used and most of them are based on respiration indices (oxygen consumption or carbon dioxide production) or chemical parameters (volatile solids or total organic carbon)....

This paper argues that innovation can be best understood as an information process which is then concretized as a product that meets demand. Two very different firms, Canon Inc. and Apple Computer Inc., are used as case study illustrations. Innovation does not proceed through logical deduction, but rather is furthered by the use of metaphors and analogies. The bureaucratic and staid structures ...

The observation of Manchot? that sodium pentacyano-ammineferroate2 I absorbs oxygen has led Baudisch and his coworkers3 to study the catalytic action of this salt, as well as of its water analogue II, in the oxidation of pyrimidines and purines. The present authors have previously reported in this journal4 on the nature of the oxidation products obtained. In the present paper the problem is con...

Currently, one of the most important problems in world is waste bottles made polyethylene terephthalate, number which currently growing every hour, polluting environment. One ways to protect environment from terephthalate invention biodegradable polymer materials PET waste. several methods for processing have been proposed, but work on production has not fully solved. various technologies recyc...

Worldwide many researchers are exploring the potential use of biodegradable polymerics as carriers for a wide range of therapeutic applications. In the past two decades, considerable progress has been made in the development of biodegradable polymeric materials, mainly in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries due to their versatility, biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. The...