the aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between leader – member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior, and considering the mediating role of psychological empowerment and organizational commitment. the sample consisted of 250 employees of marun oil and gas producing company who were selected by simple random sampling method. the instruments which used in this rese...

While biochemical mechanisms are typically used by animals to reduce oxidative damage, insects are suspected to employ a higher organizational level, discontinuous gas exchange mechanism to do so. Using a combination of real-time, flow-through respirometry and live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we show that spiracular control associated with the discontinuous gas exchange cycle (DGC) in Samia c...

The effects of ear removal on gas exchange traits, chlorophyll, and leaf N profiles, and activities of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase were examined using four maize hybrids (B73 x Mo17, B73 x LH38, FS854, and CB59G x LH38) and four inbred lines (B73, Mo17, LH38, and CB59G) as experimental material. A diverse genotypic response to ear removal ...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of licorice powder (LP) in diet on performance, egg traits and some serum biochemical parameters of laying hens in the late laying period. Totally 180 Hy-Line W-36 layer hens aged 55-68 weeks with similar weight were selected and assigned to 5 treatments, 3 replicates and 12 hens in each replicate in a completely randomized...

capacity and the ratio of hexose sugars to sucrose, consistent with the hypothesis that sucrose cycling is Sunflower canopies were grown in mesocosom gas a component of the biochemical signalling pathway exchange chambers at ambient and elevated CO 2 concontrolling photosynthetic acclimation to elevated centrations (360 and 700 ppm) and leaf photosynthetic [CO 2 ]. capacities measured at severa...

Carefully controlled gas exchange across the eggshell is essential for the development of the avian embryo. Water vapour conductance (G(H2O)) across the shell, typically measured as mass loss during incubation, has been demonstrated to optimally ensure the healthy development of the embryo while avoiding desiccation. Accordingly, eggs exposed to sub-optimal gas exchange have reduced hatching su...

The repeated evolution of C4 photosynthesis in independent lineages has resulted in distinct biogeographical distributions in different phylogenetic lineages and the variants of C4 photosynthesis. However, most previous studies have only considered C3/C4 differences without considering phylogeny, C4 subtype, or habitat characteristics. We hypothesized that independent lineages of C4 grasses hav...

Salt stress is one of the major factors limiting crop productivity worldwide. Grain amaranth is new crop with high yield potential and good nutrition value which can be a good substitute for salt-sensitive crops in saline areas. This research was conducted to evaluate different level of salinity and applied salinity stress at several growth stages on some morphological and physiological traits ...

As the frequency and severity of drought increase in many regions around globe, quantification key tolerance traits intraspecific variability these will improve predictions vulnerability a species to novel conditions. The objective this study was quantify correlate sensitivity plant growth different soil moisture levels across populations Bouteloua gracilis. Fourteen B. gracilis were sampled al...