It has been shown that natural selection favors cooperation in a homogenous graph if the benefit-to-cost ratio exceeds the degree of the graph. However, most graphs related to interactions in real populations are heterogeneous, in which some individuals have many more neighbors than others. In this paper, we introduce a new state variable to measure the time evolution of cooperation in a hetero...

An individual’s decision to reason about a problem may involve trade-off between cognitive costs and notion of value. This paper analyzes the primitive properties that must hold for stop thinking be represented by cost-benefit analysis. We then provide additional give more structure value reasoning function. show how our model applies variety settings, including contexts involving R&D applicati...