This article examines the reception of the early modern hospital among the indigenous people of the Andes under Spanish colonial rule. During the period covered by this study (sixteenth to mid-eighteenth centuries), the hospital was conceived primarily as a manifestation of the sovereign’s paternalistic concern for his subjects’ spiritual well being. Hospitals in the Spanish American colonies w...

This work offers a comparative analysis between the constructs of sense of presence and mindfulness performed along dimensions such as awareness, attention and non-judgemental acceptance. Related constructs such as flow and absorption are also included in the analysis.

The welfare of White Leghorn hens housed in conventional (CON) and modifi ed (MOD) battery cages was assessed by evaluating behaviour during the laying period. CON (30x45cm) (n=84) and MOD (60x45cm) (n=84) each provided 450cm2 of fl oor space for 3 hens. MOD included a perch (30x5cm) and a nest box (NB) (24x45cm), providing an additional 360cm2 of nest area per bird. Location of lay was assesse...

The world today stands under the spell of Leibniz’s thought. Or, perhaps more carefully, we might say that the world today stands under the spell of what Leibniz thought only too well. With uncanny perceptiveness, he managed to articulate a basic principle of thinking and being in the early modern world that is arguably as vital today as it was at the outset of the eighteenth century. Looking f...