A six-year-old Moroccan boy experienced nausea, paleness and oral automatisms after almost every shower. A clinical diagnosis of bathing epilepsy was assumed. A video-EEG recording was taken during and after a shower and confirmed ictal high voltage repetitive slow waves over the left temporal lobe. Bathing epilepsy or water immersion epilepsy is a rare form of reflex epilepsy often presenting ...

BACKGROUND Disinfection by-products in drinking water are chemical contaminants that have been associated with cancer and other adverse effects. Exposure occurs from consumption of tap water, inhalation and dermal absorption. METHODS We determined the relationship between socioeconomic status and exposure to disinfection by-products in 1271 controls from a multicentric bladder cancer case-con...

BACKGROUND Balneotherapy, although not a well-established dermatological treatment, is thought to have therapeutic properties for psoriasis and is used as an alternative treatment modality throughout the world. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mechanism underlying the therapeutic immunologic effects of thermomineral water. METHODS A murine model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammatio...

BACKGROUND Evidence for an association between exposure of pregnant women to chlorination disinfection by-products and adverse birth outcomes is inconsistent and inconclusive. AIMS To evaluate the use of a questionnaire in a population of pregnant women to assess their exposure to water, examine the validity of the questionnaire by a seven day diary, and to obtain a better understanding of th...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the opportunistic pathogen mostly implicated in folliculitis and acute otitis externa in pools and hot tubs. Nevertheless, infection risks remain poorly quantified. This paper reviews disease aetiologies and bacterial skin colonization science to advance dose-response theory development. Three model forms are identified for predicting disease likelihood from pathogen d...

Hot water epilepsy in infants is a type of reflex epilepsy and is categorized as a provoked epilepsy. The seizures are precipitated when the infant is placed in water at a temperature above 37.5 8C [1]. The published literature contains several cases of seizures provoked by bathing in lukewarm water, which are described as hot water epilepsy [2]. This report presents a case of hot water epileps...

In recent years health risks associated with the non-compliance of bathing 12 water quality have received increasing worldwide attention. However, it is 13 particularly challenging to establish the source of any non-compliance, due to the 14 complex nature of the source of faecal indicator organisms, and the fate and delivery 15 processes and scarcity of field measured data in many catchments a...

Approximately 9,000 homes in Kenosha have a lead water service line that delivers fresh municipal water from the Kenosha Water Utility’s cast iron or plastic water mains located in public streets and rights of way, into individual homes that is used for drinking, bathing and cleaning. Th ese lead services lines that connect the fresh water mains to more than 9,000 families were installed prior ...