OBJECTIVE to determine contributors to decline in functional capacity in elderly patients with known vascular risk factors or disease. DESIGN secondary analysis of longitudinal data gathered over an average 3.2 years of follow-up. PARTICIPANTS 5,804 community-dwelling subjects aged 70-82 years with a history of, or risk factors for, ischaemic vascular disease. MEASUREMENTS basic activitie...

PURPOSE Activity limitations, which induce loss of autonomy in the elderly, are a major public health problem. We investigated the associations between objectively determined visual impairments and activity limitations and assessed the visual acuity thresholds associated with these restrictions. METHODS The study sample consisted of 1887 people aged 63 years and over from a population-based c...

BACKGROUND Although many studies have suggested social participation (SP) has beneficial effects on elderly people's health, most of them failed to deal with paid work. Additionally, few studies have focused on the age effect between SP and older people's health. To investigate whether the association between SP, including paid work, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), exhibits ...

OBJECTIVES The life-span theory of control is applied to study change in vision-specific control strategies in visually impaired older individuals, depending on performance in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and depressed mood. METHOD Longitudinal data from visually impaired individuals (at baseline: N = 364; mean age = 82.8 years; visual acuity less than 20/60) measured at thr...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and analyze its association with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in community-dwelling older men in Korea. METHODS This study was a secondary analysis of data from the Actual Living Condition of the Elderly and Welfare Need Survey conducted in th...

OBJECTIVES To determine the association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and decline in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and mobility in older women. DESIGN Prospective cohort. SETTING Minneapolis and Pittsburgh sites of the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, participants' homes. PARTICIPANTS Women with a mean age ± standard deviation of 82.3 ± 3.2 (N = 302). MEASUR...

PURPOSE Poor vision may detrimentally impact functional status and affect allostatic load (AL), a measure of cumulative physiological wear and tear on the body's regulatory systems. We examined the direct effects of visual acuity (VA) on mortality and its indirect effect on mortality through its impact on functional status and AL in older adults. METHODS Data from 4981 participants (age ≥ 60 ...

The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living - Compensation (IADL-C) scale was developed to capture early functional difficulties and to quantify compensatory strategy use that may mitigate functional decline in the aging population. The IADL-C was validated in a sample of cognitively healthy older adults (N=184) and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; N=92) and dementia (N=24). Fac...