Streptococcus sanguinis, a member of the commensal mitis group of streptococci, is a primary colonizer of the tooth surface, and has been implicated in infectious complications including bacteremia and infective endocarditis. During disease progression, S. sanguinis may utilize various cell surface molecules to evade the host immune system to survive in blood. In the present study, we discovere...

During the year 1951, in the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, chloramphenicol was used for the treatment of numerous children with infective diarrhoea, and an impression was gained that it was relatively ineffective in the treatment of Salmonella enteritis, despite the high sensitivity of the group to chloramphenicol in vitro. Experimental work on mice by Seligmann and Wassermann (1949) in...

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is a Gram-positive seed-transmitted bacterial phytopathogen responsible for substantial economic losses by adversely affecting tomato production worldwide. A high-throughput, cell-based screen was adapted to identify novel small molecule growth inhibitors to serve as leads for future bactericide development. A library of 4,182 compounds known...

The ability of phototrophs to convert light into biological energy is critical for life on Earth. However, there can be deleterious consequences associated with this bioenergetic conversion, including the production of toxic byproducts. For example, singlet oxygen (1O2) can be formed during photosynthesis by energy transfer from excited triplet-state chlorophyll pigments to O2. By monitoring ge...

Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are widely used broad spectrum bactericides that are common pollutants of waterways and soils. Methyl triclosan (mTCS) is the predominant bacterial TCS metabolite. Previous studies have shown that TCS disrupts thyroid hormone (TH) action; however, the effects of mTCS or TCC are not known. The present study uses the cultured frog tadpole tail fin biopsy (C-...

Molecular oxygen (O 2) and nitric oxide (NO) are diatomic gases that play major roles in infection. The host innate immune system generates reactive oxygen species and NO as bacteriocidal agents and both require O 2 for their production. Furthermore, the ability to adapt to changes in O 2 availability is crucial for many bacterial pathogens, as many niches within a host are hypoxic. Pathogenic ...