The rise of antimicrobial resistance as a pressing global healthcare challenge underscores the need to identify novel strategies tackle pathogenic bacteria. Many naturally occurring nanostructures exhibit an innate ability deactivate bacterial cells by physical contact. However, several aspects underlying mechanisms are poorly understood due complex interactions with nanostructures, which diffi...

In 2013 and 2014, two U.S. universities had meningococcal serogroup B outbreaks (a total of 14 cases) caused by strains from two different clonal complexes. To control the outbreaks, students were immunized with a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine (Novartis) that was not yet licensed in the United States. The vaccine (referred to as MenB-4C) contains four components capable of eliciting bacteri...

In the present study, the bactericidal effect of photo-irradiated proanthocyanidin was evaluated in relation to reactive oxygen species formation. Staphylococcus aureus suspended in proanthocyanidin aqueous solution was irradiated with light from a laser at 405 nm. The bactericidal effect of photo-irradiated proanthocyanidin depended on the concentration of proanthocyanidin, the laser irradiati...

The acetaldehyde-xanthine oxidase system in the presence and absence of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and chloride has been employed as a model of the oxygen-dependent antimicrobial systems of the PMN. The unsupplemented xanthine oxidase system was bactericidal at relatively high acetaldehyde concentrations. The bactericidal activity was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, the hydroxyl r...

OBJECTIVE To determine the persistence of bactericidal antibody titres following immunisation with serogroup C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine at age 6-15 years in order to examine changes in persistence of antibodies with age. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Secondary and tertiary educational institutions in the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS Healthy adolescents aged 11-20 years p...

In order to investigate the bactericidal effect of plaunotol, an oily antiulcer agent, against Helicobacter pylori, comparative studies were conducted using its derivatives, M-4, M-5, and M-6, whose hydrophobicity decreased in the order of plaunotol > M-6 > M-5 > M-4 by log P determination. Plaunotol rapidly reduced the viability of H. pylori in vitro, and cell death was associated with cell ly...

24 Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 causes diarrhea in many developing countries around the world. In most cases, cholera patients pose some sorts of immunity against the naturally occurring infection. In the present study, the bactericidal activity of the sera of rabbit immunized with whole cell extract of Vibrio cholerae O1 was investigated. The protein profile of the serotype exhibited 20 types o...

Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical material were very variable in their sensitivity to the bactericidal action of normal serum mediated by the complement system. Fifty per cent killing end points ranged from 0.015 ml to greater than 0.4 ml. Most of the strains with relatively greater sensitivity to serum were isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. Immunization of rab...

Our previous studies have led to a novel "nonrelease" approach to making materials bactericidal by covalently attaching certain moderately hydrophobic polycations to their surfaces. In the present work, this strategy is extended beyond the heretofore-used nonporous materials to include common woven textiles (cotton, wool, nylon, and polyester). Pieces of such cloths derivatized with N-hexylated...

Azlocillin was relatively ineffective against actively growing cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in tests of bacteriolytic and bactericidal activity in which ticarcillin demonstrated pronounced bactericidal effects over a wide range of concentrations. Microscopic observation showed that azlocillin generally induced the formation of filamentous cells of P. aeruginosa which lysed only slowly, bu...