AIM To assess the axillary recurrence rate in operable breast cancer patients with clinically negative axilla after negative sentinel lymph node in whom axillary lymph node dissection had not been performed. METHODS Fifty consecutive female operable breast cancer patients with negative sentinel lymph node biopsy in whom axillary lymph node dissection had not been performed were included in th...

BACKGROUND The axillary artery is frequently used for cardiopulmonary bypass, especially in acute aortic dissection. We have cannulated the axillary artery using a side graft or by directly using Seldinger's technique. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical problems and complications of both cannulation techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2003 to December 2009, 53 pa...

It is debated if all breast cancer (BC) patients with sentinel lymph node metastasis need axillary dissection (ALND). Based on clinical and biological factors, we explore a statistical model for predicting non (non-SNm) in positive SN (SN+).

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women and considered as the first caise of mortality in females suffering from malignant processes.axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM)is the most important predictor of survival in patient with breast carcinoma.the purpose of this study was to determine the association between the incidence of ALNM and morphologic criteria by univaria...

HYPOTHESIS The presence of nonsentinel lymph node (NSLN) metastasis after having a positive sentinel lymph node dissection finding is associated with tumor size and stage, the presence of lymphovascular invasion, micrometastasis, and extranodal extension. DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS Four hundred seven consecutive patients at a single institution...

Background. Four-node sampling is a useful substitute for sentinel node biopsy in low resource settings. USG is being increasingly used as a preoperative tool to evaluate axilla. We conducted this study to assess the accuracy of different descriptors of axillary ultrasound and to formulate a model on grading of axillary involvement. Material and Methods. Thirty-four patients with clinically neg...

Administering adjuvant irradiation to the level III axilla and supraclavicular fossa (SCF) is indicated for those patients who undergo the standard level I-II axillary dissection and who have four or more positive axillary nodes or T3-4 primary disease.(1-3) The risk of failure in the axillary apex or SCF is less than 5% for the patients who have T1-2 primary tumors and fewer than 4 involved ax...

BACKGROUND Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was developed to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in the treatment of breast cancer. SLNB is predictive of axillary node status. Major concern is the occurrence of a false-negative SLN. Purpose of this study is to determine the rate of axillary recurrence in our series of unselected patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients with a negative S...

Chylous leakage after mastectomy & axillary clearance is a rare complication. The incidence is less than 0.5%. Anatomical variations in the termination of thoracic duct can occur, rendering it susceptible to injury during axillary dissection. Most chyle leaks in the axilla are managed through conservative measures. Surgical intervention is required in high output chylous leaks. We encountered a...