Handling Editor: Ronald Riggio Authentic leadership theory posits that the authenticity of leaders and followers is influenced by their personal histories. Attachment theory states that individuals have internal working models that are influenced by both early developmental experiences and relationships later in life. These models guide how people interact with close others and tend toward thre...

The findings of Herbert, Hope, and Bellack (1992), Holt, Heimberg, and Hope (1992), and Turner, Beidel, and Townsley (1992) are largely consistent. Avoidant personality disorder and generalized social phobia appear to be overlapping constructs that have only minor differences with respect to severity of dysfunction. This commentary addresses the implications of the findings with respect to the ...

Behavior studies demonstrate that the attachment-orientation difference is a powerful predictor for emotional processing in children and adults, with anxious individuals being hyperactive and avoidant individuals being deactive to emotional stimuli. This study used the event-related potential technique to explore brain responses to facial expressions by adults with anxious, avoidant, or secure ...

Three studies investigated the link between dispositional anxiety and the tendency to engage in riskavoidant decision-making. Findings suggest that dispositional anxiety is associated with a pronounced bias toward making risk-avoidant choices. Individual differences in trait anxiety, worry, and social anxiety were each associated with risk-avoidance on a behavioral risk-taking task (Studies 1 a...

Premorbid personality disorders (PD) were studied retrospectively in 40 schizophrenic patients by interviewing the parents and patients who were reliable with the SCID-II. 85% of the patients had premorbid PDs. The most frequent premorbid PDs were: avoidant PD (32. 5%), schizoid PD (27.5%), paranoid PD (20%), dependent PD (20%) and schizotypal PD (12.5%). In most of the patients, two or more PD...

The coping strategies used by adolescents to deal with stress may have implications for the development of depression and suicidal ideation. This study examined coping categories and specific coping behaviors used by adolescents to assess the relation of coping to depression and suicidal ideation. In hierarchical regression models, the specific coping behaviors of behavioral disengagement and s...

The study shows how insecure attachment types (anxious and avoidant) are associated with traits of the «dark triad» (narcissism, psychopathy Machiavellianism) in a sample patients borderline personality disorder. It was found that among respondents, greatest relationship individuals predominance anxious type attachment, who showed statistically significant sharpening such as: impulsiveness, man...

In two online studies, we test whether spontaneous self-affirmation (measured by the Spontaneous Self-Affirmation Measure, SSAM) predicts better mental health and coping role that self-esteem dispositional optimism play in these relationships. Study 1 (N = 110) was cross-sectional. study 2 192) collected measures one month post-baseline. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, SSAM predicted...

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of interactive and collaborative learning record activities using forms on students’ requests for academic help. [Participants Methods] Thirty-seven students at a rehabilitation college were asked write down their daily contents form, shared discussed in groups three four students. Before, months after, eight after activity, surveyed about help ...