Teaching materials developed in-house are commonly used in EAP courses; however, research on their linguistic content, which can have important pedagogical implications, is scarce. This study examines the occurrence and repetition of general academic vocabulary, operationalised as Academic Vocabulary List (AVL) (Gardner & Davies, 2014), printed teaching a presessional course at UK university. T...

In this study, the effect of adding hydrogen to natural gas and EGR ratio was conducted on a diesel engine investigate performance exhaust gases by AVL Fire multi-domain simulation software. For investigation, mixture fuel replaced fuel. The percentage in blend changed from 0% 40%. compression converted 17:1 15:1. ratios were three steps 5%, 10%, 15%, with different speeds 1000 1800 RPM. Gaussi...

This paper presents a comprehensive optimization approach for enhancing the performance of methanol/diesel Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) engine. Initially, hybrid fuel engine combustion chamber model was developed using AVL-FIRE software, and simulated results were compared with values obtained from bench tests. An orthogonal experimental design employed to optimize five key factors, namely m...

Traditional transit service quality measures separate waiting time from service reliability, thereby underestimating the real cost of waiting and failing to evaluate the impact of unreliability on passengers. Analyzing passenger behavior, we show that for short headway service, the cost of waiting involves not only the mean time spent waiting on the platform, but also “potential waiting time,” ...

Since the invention of AVL trees in 1962, many kinds of binary search trees have been proposed. Notable are red-black trees, in which bottom-up rebalancing after an insertion or deletion takes O(1) amortized time and O(1) rotations worst-case. But the design space of balanced trees has not been fully explored. We continue the exploration. Our contributions are three. We systematically study the...