This paper reviews optical fiber amplifiers such as Erbium doped fiber amplifiers EDFAs, many types of Raman amplifiers RAs, Thulium doped fiber amplifiers, Tellurite-based fiber Raman amplifiers, semiconductor optical amplifiers and fiber optic parametric amplifiers, principle of operation and construction. As these amplifiers are used for optical fiber communication projects so we shall go th...

This paper presents a 3 order 1.5-bit Continuous-Time Fully Differential Ʃ∆ modulator with distributed feedback for a class D audio amplifier, using BJT differential pairs to implement the integrator stages. By relying on simple gain blocks instead of operational amplifiers to build the loop filter, a simpler overall circuit is obtained, where the non-ideal effects are embedded in the loop filt...

A new ripple feedback filter is presented for Analog/Digital mixed-mode amplifier (MMA) among audio applications. MMA is composed of two amplifiers: one is analog amplifier responsible for high fidelity and the other is digital switching amplifer in charge of high efficiency. To improve both total harmonic distortion (THD) and efficiency, passive RLC filter is needed at the output side of the d...

This paper is about a new dc-dc converter based on VOLTAGE MULTIPLIER CELL and MULTI STATE SWITCHING CELL. This method can be applied for all type of converters like BUK, BOOST,BUKBOOST,CUK,SEPIC &ZETA. To verify the operating principle BOOST converter is chosen. Experimental analysis is obtained from 1Kw lab prototype and the results are verified using simulation software. The output current a...

Low-voltage, low-power and medium-accuracy analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are essential components in portable devices. Low-voltage operation of these ADCs poses three major challenges. First, the floating switches required in conventional switched-capacitor implementations are not operational for very low supply voltages. Second, reduced supply voltage translates to reduced signal power, ...

Also the optical fiber amplifiers FAs that amplify weak signals such as the. Rare-Earth-Doped Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers, Michael J.F.Chapter 2. Optical and Electronic Properties of Rare Earth Ions in Glasses William J Miniscalco Abstract-HiRes PDF 2316 KB-PDF wlinks 2330 KB.amplifier materials in the system of rare-earth doped glasses are presented. rare-earth-doped ram concept manual pdf fib...

This chapter is devoted to the realization of some novel active circuits by using transconductance amplifiers. The transconductance amplifier can be realized by the widely used device Op-Amp and specially designed operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). By using single Op-Amp in one circuit itself we can get two filter responses. The first circuit realizes first order low pass – high pass...