INTRODUCTION The application of deformable image registration (DIR) to megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) images benefits adaptive radiotherapy. This study aims to quantify the accuracy of DIR for MVCT images when using different deformation methods assessed in a cubic phantom and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. METHODS In the control studies, the DIR accuracy in air-tissue and t...

We propose a family of four-parameter distributions on the circle that contains the von Mises and wrapped Cauchy distributions as special cases. The family is derived by transforming the von Mises distribution via Möbius transformation which maps the unit circle onto itself. The densities in the family have a symmetric or asymmetric, unimodal or bimodal shape, depending on the values of paramet...

The direct, asymmetric α-amination of aldehydes has been accomplished via a combination of photoredox and organocatalysis. Photon-generated N-centered radicals undergo enantioselective α-addition to catalytically formed chiral enamines to directly produce stable α-amino aldehyde adducts bearing synthetically useful amine substitution patterns. Incorporation of a photolabile group on the amine p...

Deracemization, that is, the transformation of a racemate into a single product enantiomer with theoretically 100% conversion and 100% ee, is an appealing but also challenging option for asymmetric synthesis. Herein a novel chemo-enzymatic deracemization concept by a cascade is described: the pathway involves two enantioselective oxidation steps and one non-stereoselective reduction step, enabl...

o bjectives: headgears are among the effective orthodontic appliances to achieve treatment goals. unilateral molar distal movement is sometimes needed during an orthodontic treat- ment, which can be achieved by an asymmetric headgear. different unilateral headgears have been introduced. the main goal of this study was to analyze the force system of uni- lateral expanded outer bow asymmetric hea...

An investigation on the development of asymmetric perturbations at extremely late stages of the transition process, right before the boundary layer becomes fully turbulent, will be presented. The influence of asymmetric disturbances on the time averaged flow and the local flow dynamics close to the original symmetry plane will be demonstrated. We introduce small asymmetric disturbances which mi...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Accepting that suppliers' capability for green transformation of manufacturing systems is private information and the efforts made in process invisibly involve actions buyers, we construct an outsourcing model including services before project delivery maintenance within warranty period after research optimal contract design buyers. We find buyer can a set men...