Multimedia and network processing applications make extensive use of subword data. Since registers are capable of holding a full data word, when a subword variable is assigned a register only part of the register is used. We propose an instruction set extension to the ARM embedded processor which allows two data items to reside in a register as long as each of them can be stored in 16 bits. The...

This short chapter introduces the SURROGATE data type, which is useful when modeling time-varying objects. Surrogates are unique identifiers that can be compared for equality, but the values of which cannot be seen by the users. In this sense, a surrogate is “pure” identity and does not describe a property (i.e., it has no observable value). For this reason, a SURROGATE data type cannot be trea...

In finding all solutions to a constraint satisfaction problem, or proving that there are none, with a search algorithm that backtracks chronologically and forms k-way branches, the order in which the values are assigned is immaterial. However, we show that if the values of a variable are assigned instead via a sequence of binary choice points, and the removal of the value just tried from the do...

The Same constraint takes two sets of variables X and Z such that jX j= jZj and assigns values to them such that the multiset of values assigned to the variables in X is equal to the multiset of values assigned to the variables in Z. In this paper we extend the Same constraint in a GCC-like manner by adding cardinality requirements on the values. That is, for each value we have a lower and uppe...

The symmetric cardinality constraint is described in terms of a set of variables X = {x1, . . . , xk}, which take their values as subsets of V = {v1, . . . , vn}. It constraints the cardinality of the set assigned to each variable to be in an interval [lxi , uxi ] and at the same time it restricts the number of occurrences of each value vj ∈ V in the sets assigned to variables in X to be in an ...

takes the boundary values plus infinity on the vertical sides of the square \x\ < T T / 2 , \y\ <7r/2, and the boundary values minus infinity on the horizontal sides. This suggests the possibility of posing a boundary value problem for the minimal surface equation in which infinite data is assigned on certain boundary arcs of D. I t is a consequence of previous results of the authors (cf. [3, L...