We propose a novel factor graph model for argument mining, designed for settings in which the argumentative relations in a document do not necessarily form a tree structure. (This is the case in over 20% of the web comments dataset we release.) Our model jointly learns elementary unit type classification and argumentative relation prediction. Moreover, our model supports SVM and RNN parametriza...

Considering the paramount importance of writing logical arguments for college students, this study investigated the effect of dynamic assessment (DA) of Toulmin model through teacher- and collective-scaffolding on argument structure and overall quality of argumentative essays of Iranian EFL university learners. In so doing, 45 male and female Iranian EFL learners taking part in the study were r...

Although scientific forum has obliged its members to hide their presence particularly while they are discussing research outcomes to avoid personal biases, a recent trend is encouraging writers to demonstrate their identity as the author of the text through the use of first person pronouns in order to take responsibility for the content. Therefore, the present study focuses on intermediate and ...

Previous studies have explored the roles of metacognitive instruction and collaborative writing, separately, in English writing. Little attention has been paid to students’ writing complexity, accuracy, fluency (CAF). The present study aims bridge this gap through investigating integrated performances based on linguistic features CAF. focus was four groups: a collaborative-writing setting (n = ...

Persuasive essay writing is a powerful pedagogical tool for teaching argumentation skills. So far, the provision of feedback about argumentation has been considered a manual task since automated writing evaluation systems are not yet capable of analyzing written arguments. Computational argumentation, a recent research field in natural language processing, has the potential to bridge this gap a...

Writing, one of the language skills, seems to be most difficult skill for students master. There are five aspects used evaluate students’ writing abilities: content, organization, vocabulary, use, and mechanics. This current narrative inquiry research aims find out difficulties in expository essays, factors that cause them have difficulties, strategies they use overcome them. The data this were...

research on pre-task planning has revealed that planned conditions have produced more fluent and complex language than unplanned conditions. to date, most of these studies have investigated the effects of individual planning on language production while collaborative planning has received scant attention. to determine the effects of pre-task planning on second language written production, the p...