when thinking about traditional iranian architecture, one imagines extensive ornamental patterns that adorn almost every surface of mosques and other prominent buildings. yet, many theories of architecture since the beginning of twentieth century have considered ornamentation a superficial and superfluous layer. but, are these ornamental surfaces superficial and can they be removed so easily? t...

AbstractThis paper analyses and compares the Life Cycle Assessment of ceramics, bricks, steel, clay, polypropylene with cast stone widely used in architectural ornaments. Architectural ornaments include, for example, statues, Georgian window surrounds balustrading etc. A methodology was proposed within this study which verified after being applied to case study. The all materials performed from...

The Chinese traditional architecture called as DaMu structure, which wooden materials were used mainly. The work of historic heritage conservation needs the surveying maps and the 3D model of the building. Laser scanning techniques can provide the best potential for high efficient and more safety recording of the 3D data. Recently, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) has been used in some architec...

mohammad-karim pirnia, one of the most prominent scholars of the history of iranian architecture, has recorded two major achievements: the principles of iranian architecture and the stylistics of iranian architecture. in this article we will discuss his suggested principles for iranian architecture. for this purpose, we will first show how his five principles have evolved and completed through ...