However ATPE has no large-scale industrial applications yet. This is based substantially on very long phase separation times resulting from low interfacial tensions and low density differences between the phases producing intensive and stable emulsions. This causes an increased footprint of the required mixer/settler devices or the application of additional equipment such as energy consuming ce...

Uniformly sized microparticles of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) acid, with controllable median diameters within the size range 40-140 microm, were successfully prepared by membrane emulsification of an oil phase injected into an aqueous phase, followed by solvent removal. Initially, simple particles were produced as an oil in water emulsion, where dichloromethane (DCM) and PLGA were the o...

The cloud point of the surfactant tetrabutylammonium dodecyl sulfate is shown to be a function of the tetrabutylammonium counterion concentration in the aqueous phase whether the counterions are provided by the surfactant or both the surfactant and added tetrabutylammonium bromide. The micellized surfactant dissociates 17% of its counterions to aqueous phase.

A sample treatment method based on an aqueous two-phase system containing polyethylene glycol and dextran was developed for enhancing sensitivity in the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in soft cheese with PCR. The results suggest that the improved detection sensitivity following partitioning of the cheese homogenate in an aqueous two-phase system may be due to partitioning of the PCR inhibi...

A general, reversible phase transfer protocol was demonstrated for quantum dots and metal nanoparticles. The protocol involves ligand exchange based transfer of nanoparticles from organic medium to aqueous phase, followed by electrostatic interaction based reversible transfer of nanoparticles between aqueous and organic phases.

Aqueous flow was measured fluorophotometrically in New Zealand white rabbits after unilateral decentralization of the cervical ganglion or cervical ganglionectomy to determine the role of ocular adrenergic input in regulating the circadian rhythm of aqueous flow. Both surgical procedures decreased the rate of aqueous flow during the dark phase when flow is high. During the light phase when flow...

We present the first results of a new rapid prototyping technique that has been developed, which can produce structures with high aspect ratios (44:1) and freeform overhangs. The technique uses a piezoelectric printhead to precisely deposit material drop by drop at predetermined positions on a substrate. The temperature of the printhead can be varied so as to adjust the ink's viscosity, in orde...

published in Advance ACS Abstracts, December 1, 1994. 0022-3654/95/2099-0454$09.00/0 we present here the results of experimental and theoretical studies of a ternary solution constituted of the proteins yma (designated as protein A), a “high-Tc” protein, and yw (designated as protein B), a “low-Tc” protein, in aqueous solution. The solution pH was kept constant at 7.1 by a 100 mM phosphate buff...

Many atmospheric and chemical variables influence the partitioning equilibrium between gas phase and condensed phases of compounds implicated in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The large number of factors and their interaction makes it often difficult to assess their relative importance and concerted impact. Here we introduce a two-dimensional space which maps regions of domin...

We examine factors controlling the photochemical oxidation of SO2 in tropospheric aerosols using a gas-aqueous photochemical model. Over a range of liquid water contents (3x10 -4g H20 m -3 to 9 g H20 m -3) and pH values (0 to 8), we find that H202(aq) and O3(aq) provide the major sinks for SO2 in the aqueous phase when pH is held constant at below 5 and larger than 6, respectively. OH(aq) may b...