We consider the semantics of prepositions, revisiting a broad-coverage annotation scheme used for annotating all 4,250 preposition tokens in a 55,000 word corpus of English. Attempts to apply the scheme to adpositions and case markers in other languages, as well as some problematic cases in English, have led us to reconsider the assumption that an adposition’s lexical contribution is equivalent...

Clustering is the process of grouping data objects into set of disjointed classes called clusters so that objects within a class are highly similar to one another and dissimilar to the objects in other classes. K-means (KM) and Fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithms are popular and powerful methods for cluster analysis. However, the KM and FCM algorithms have considerable trouble in a noisy environment...

Incompleteness — the absence of alternative natural numbers — can be ascribed to a ready-made normativity, inducing a rigid departure syntax/semantics. Geometry of Interaction, set in the noncommutative universe of von Neumann algebras, makes normative assumptions explicit, thus rending possible their internalisation, a possible way out from the semantic aporia. As an illustration, we define an...

In mice behavioral response to pain is modulated by social status. Recently, social context also has been shown to affect pain sensitivity. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of interaction between status and social context in dyads of outbred CD-1 male mice in which the dominance/submission relationship was stable. Mice were assessed for pain response in a formalin (1% concentra...

Climate in Yakutia is characterized by low winter and hot summer temperatures that cause extreme low air humidity reaching up to 30% in varied periods. Therefore, insects in Yakutia are seasonally faced to extremely dry air that forced them to create special adaptation mechanisms during evolution. Estimation of water balance for Aporia crataegi L. caterpillars was based on measurements of rates...

The human embryo is provided with the predigested food of the mother by means of the fetal circulation. After birth provision has been made for another highly nutritious and readily available source of food to the infant through the mammary gland of the mother. Normal infants under the usual conditions survive this period fairly well. Most of the trouble from food comes after the infant has bee...