Footnotes 1. See generally NICHOLAS TAVUCHIS, MEA CULPA: A SOCIOLOGY OF APOLOGY AND RECONCILIATION (1991). 2. It is worth noting that, empirically, it is not clear whether, under what circumstances, or to what degree an apology might alter the risk of an adverse liability determination. Whether apologies influence liability decision making in civil cases has not been examined in empirical studi...

We analyze apologizing as part of the institutional agenda school mediation in Finland. When primary teachers intervene to mediate a dispute, children orient ritualized, expected, and recognizable action that resolves matter. Teachers build, step by step, sequence that, when preconditions are met, results parties involved dispute producing uniquely explicit apology exchange “I apologize”—“apolo...

This study aims to explore the variables in perceptions of (im)politeness in an intercultural apology, focusing on discussion of the cultural and gender differences. Through the study’s instrument, a conversation between an Australian and a Taiwanese Chinese speaker, the study suggests that there are indeed some differences in perceptions of (im)politeness across d...