In articular cartilage the orientation of collagen fibres is not uniform varying mostly with the depth of the tissue. Besides, the biomechanical response of each layer of the articular cartilage differs from the neighbouring ones, evolving through thickness as a function of the distribution, density and orientation of the collagen fibres. Based on a finite element implementation, a new continuu...

The anisotropic property of porcine aortic valve leaflet has potentially significant effects on its mechanical behaviour and the failure mechanisms. However, due to its complex nature, testing and modelling the anisotropic porcine aortic valves remains a continuing challenge to date. This study has developed a nonlinear anisotropic finite element model for porcine heart valves. The model is bas...

Context. The existence of suprathermal charged particle populations in space plasma is frequently confirmed by interplanetary missions. In general, the velocity distribution functions are anisotropic, field aligned (gyrotropic) with two temperatures, parallel (T‖) and perpendicular (T⊥) to the ambient magnetic field B0. Aims. Here, the dispersion properties of the firehose instability, which re...

We consider quantum effects of an electromagnetic field in a radiation–dominated almost FRW spacetime. The dominant non–local quantum correction to the photon distribution is a quadrupole moment, corresponding to an effective anisotropic pressure in the energy–momentum tensor.

A finite element model has been used to study potential distribution and current flow paths in highly anisotropic composite materials. Unexpected results are obtained, which are found consistent with minimising of Joule heat release in the material.