background: cold-induced aggregation micro extraction based (ciame) based on ionic liquid was used as a rapid and simple method for determination trace amounts of cadmium and lead in milk powder by analysis with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (faas). methods: sample solution containing of cd2+ and pb2+ in dynamic range, phosphate buffer (ph = 9, 3 ml), diethyl dithiocarbamate (complexing ...

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic autoimmune blistering disease of the skin, in whichloss of adhesion between keratinocytes is caused by autoantibodies. It has been hypothesizedthat cytokines play an essential role in the pathogenesis of PV. This study aimed to investigatethe other immunopathological aspects of PV by determining the serum levels of cytokines inPV patients to find another tre...

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-beta or lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α), IL-4 and IL-10 are determining factors in immunity against BCG.  Allelic polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of their genes affect the rate of cytokine production and therefore, the host’s ability in BCG containment. Objective: To study the prevalence of –590 (C/T) and –592 (C/A) allelic distribution of IL-4 and IL-10 promo...

Background:  New discoveries about the pathophysiology changed the concept that all forms of osteoarthritis are alike; this lead to the delineation of different phenotypes such as age, trauma or obese related forms. We aim to compare soluble mediator profiles in primary knee and posttraumatic wrist osteoarthritis. Based on the general faster progression rate of wrist osteoarthritis, we hypothes...

Objective(s): To reveal the detailed mechanism underlying the functions of salidroside on the inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells during IBD.Materials and Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to assess the expression of IL-6, IL-10, and α-defensins 5 and 6. ELISA assay was performed to measure the secretion of IL-6 and IL-10. MTT assay was used to determine the cell viabilit...

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of central nervous system. The etiology of MS is slightly known, but genetic and environmental factors are reported. Vitamin D regulates gene expression and affects target cell functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression variation of IL-2 and IL-4 genes under vitamin D supplementation in patients with mult...

Introduction: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) as a T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine has an important role Background and Objective: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) as a T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine has an important role in activation, growth and differentiation of several immune cells. Moreover IL-2 is known as a pro-inflammatory and anti-tumoral cytokine. In addition deysregulation of IL-2 in some diseases such as ...

context the aim of this review was to address the recent data regarding the role of il-17a in the pathogenesis of depression and its complications, such as cancer. evidence acquisition this review article summarizes the recent data on the role of il-17a in depression, using the pubmed and google scholar databases. results it has been documented that depression may alter the immune response via ...