Abstract Prior research finds that Dodd–Frank Act’s regulations on credit rating agencies (CRAs) increase rated firms’ risk of downgrades, regardless their quality. Our difference-in-difference estimates suggest after Dodd–Frank, low-rated firms, which face steep costs from a further downgrade, significantly reduce debt issuance and investments compared to similar unrated firms. results are not...

Frank Ruddle, a pioneer in science and versatile in human gene mapping, transgenic technology, and several other fields in biology, has left a significant legacy. Frank was born August 19, 1929, in West New York, New Jersey, to parents who emigrated from the United Kingdom. He dropped out of high school to join the Air Force, where he served with distinction from 1946 to 1949. Like many other v...

prize. Only the older practitioners can recall the furore of hope aroused by the announcement of Professor Koch's claims for his tuberculin, but Sir Douglas Powell was the one English physician to be accorded a small amount to bring back from his visit to Berlin. As Frank Wethered was then acting as his assistant he was charged with the carrying out .of the method, and so the writer was enabled...

Abstract The High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) method has been applied in several previous studies to obtain global sensitivity indices of uncorrelated model parameters in combustion systems. The method is based on a decomposition of the model output in terms of a hierarchy of cooperative effects among the model inputs, which is unique when the input parameters are independent. Howev...

We answer positively a question of J. Rosenblatt (1988), proving the existence of a sequence (ci) with ∑∞ i=1 |ci| = ∞, such that for every dynamical system (X,Σ, m, T ) and f ∈ L1(X), ∑∞i=1 cif(T ix) converges almost everywhere. A similar result is obtained in the real variable context.

In this paper we deduce a confidence bands construction for the nonparametric estimation of a regression curve from length biased data, where a result from Bickel and Rosenblatt (1973, The Annals of Statistics, 1, 1071-1095) is adapted to this new situation. The construction also involves the estimation of the variance of the local linear estimator of the regression, where we use a finite sampl...

We extend the classical Ostrowski numeration systems, closely related to Sturmian words, by allowing a wider range of coefficients, so that possible representations of a number n better reflect the structure of the associated Sturmian word. In particular, this extended numeration system helps to catch occurrences of palindromes in a characteristic Sturmian words and thus to prove for Sturmian w...

Advancing adult age is associated with functional declines in both the sensory and perceptual stages of visual information processing (see Schieber, 1992). This paper reviews the recent research literature (i.e., 1988-1994) which has attempted to assess the impact of age-related visual declines upon driving mobility, safety and performance. VISION LOSS AND DRIVING MOBILITY In a 10-year longitud...

Frank Gower Bergin passed away in his sleep on October 25th, after a prolonged period of restricted activity due to cardiac weakness. His father and brother were at one time Directors of Muller's Orphanage; two brothers were doctors, and a sister was for a while Casualty Sister at the General Hospital. With the late James Taylor, he pioneered radiological services in Bristol, working for many y...