Copyright © 2014, Iranian Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ISRAPM); Published by Kowsar Corp. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. There are many references in ancient Iranian literature on...

A 29-year-old female had presented to surgical outpatient's department complaining of lump in the anterior abdominal wall. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid degenerated tumor in the anterior abdominal wall. It was surgically excised, and histopathology confirmed it to be "ancient" schwannoma. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of an abdominal wall ancien...

Intracranial schwannomas are benign tumors that arise from Schwann cells. Since it is well known that optic and olfactory nerves do not have a Schwann cell sheath, schwannoma should not develop from these nerves. We report a very unusual case of a 73-year-old female who presented with generalized seizures and had radiological features of an intracranial aneurysm. Additional imaging showed an ex...

The ancient Hindu literature on Kama (Love) is reviewed with reference to the early works on which the Vatsyayana's Kama Sutra is based and the later works which follow it. Sexuality as described in the ancient treatise is considered under the heads of sexual foreplay, techniques of coitus, and genital oral sexuality and in the light of the modern researches. The relevance of the Kama Sutra to ...

Metals have had a long history in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Mercury (Parada), gold (Swarna), silver (Rajata), copper (Tamra), iron (Lauha), tin (Vanga), lead (Naga), and zinc (Yasada) are used in therapeutics in an incinerated (Bhasma) form. The pharmacological actions, therapeutic indications, adverse effects and management of adverse effects of these metals are described and emphasis has ...

Optic nerve pilocytic astrocytoma is an uncommon but well-known entity; however, intraorbital ancient pilocytic astrocytoma of the optic nerve is extremely rarely reported. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed description regarding the intraorbital ancient pilocytic astrocytoma, reported in available English literature, to date. We presented an extremely unusual neurofibromatosis type 1...

The history of kidney and urologic disorders dates back to the dawn of civilization. Throughout history of medicine, urine, the first bodily fluid to be examined, has continuously been studied as a means of understanding inner bodily function. The purpose of this review was to appraise the contributions of the ancient Iranian physician pioneers in the field of kidney and urological disorders, a...

Ancient protein analysis provides clues to human life and diseases from ancient times. Here, we performed shotgun proteomics of human archeological bones for the first time, using rib bones from the Hitotsubashi site (AD 1657-1683) in Tokyo, called Edo in ancient times. The output data obtained were analysed using Gene Ontology and label-free quantification. We detected leucocyte-derived protei...