Are ordinary citizens or political party leaders better positioned to select candidates? While the American primary system lets choose, most democracies rely instead on officials appoint nominate candidates. The consequences of these distinct design choices are unclear: while often informed about candidate qualifications, they may value traits, like loyalty willingness pay for nomination, at od...

In view of non-specific toxicity of most chemotherapeutic agents against normal cells, the development of targeted chemotherapy is warranted. Efficient targeting of chemotherapeutic drugs to the cancerous area could be of great benefit for patients with advanced or metastatic tumors. Targeted cytotoxic peptide conjugates are hybrid molecules composed of a peptide carrier which binds to receptor...