The time-extension hypothesis has been proposed to describe why social facilitation (the tendency for presence of co-eaters to increase the amount eaten) occurs amongst groups of diners. However, it is possible that time-extension could increase the amount eaten in the absence of social effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether prolonged exposure to a food environment with...

When rats are allowed a choice between dilute alcohol and water, voluntary alcohol consumption may be used to separate them into several groups, since alcohol consumption is characteristic of the animal. Mardones and coworkers (1) have shown that the amount of alcohol consumed is partly determined by the genetic background of the rats, the number of those classified as “drinkers” having been in...

However, data are lacking on the amount of pesticides consumed in the diet by age group as well as the contribution of pesticide exposures from the dietary pathway relative to other sources. 4 For example, pesticide exposures can occur from the inhalation of indoor and outdoor air, ingestion of dust from hand-to-mouth or object-to-mouth activities, ingestion of contaminated soil or water, and d...

introduction population growth and development of various industries have turned water pollution into one of the most fundamental problems in the world. researches indicate that, today, underground aquifers, especially in the large and populous cities of the world, are faced with many problems caused by infiltration of industrial wastewater, presence of absorption wells for disposal of human se...

OBJECTIVE Decreases in variety of foods consumed within high-fat-dense food groups and increases in variety of foods consumed within low-fat-dense food groups are associated with lower energy intake and greater weight loss during obesity treatment and may assist with weight loss maintenance. This study examined food group variety in 2237 weight loss maintainers in the National Weight Control Re...

In two parallel studies, we examined the effect of social influence and palatability on amount consumed and on food choice. In Experiment 1, which looked at amount consumed, participants were provided with either palatable or unpalatable food; they were also given information about how much previous participants had eaten (large or small amounts) or were given no information. In the case of pal...

BACKGROUND A number of studies have shown that bite and sip sizes influence the amount of food intake. Consuming with small sips instead of large sips means relatively more sips for the same amount of food to be consumed; people may believe that intake is higher which leads to faster satiation. This effect may be disturbed when people are distracted. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to...