We describe the structure and present situation of the Chinese healthcare system and discuss its primary problems and challenges. We discuss problems with inefficient burden sharing, adverse provider incentives and huge inequities, and seek explanations in the structural features of the Chinese healthcare system. The current situation will be further challenged in the future by an aging populat...

This study examines space–time characteristics of seasonal rainfall predictability in a tropical region by analyzing observed data and model simulations over Senegal. Predictability is analyzed in terms of the spatial coherence of observed interannual variability at the station scale, and within-ensemble coherence of general circulation model (GCM) simulations with observed sea surface temperat...

We study spatial scaling and complexity properties of Amazonian radar rainfall fields using the Beta-Lognormal Model (BL-Model) with the aim to characterize and model the process at a broad range of spatial scales. The Generalized Space q-Entropy Function (GSEF), an entropic measure defined as a continuous set of power laws covering a broad range of spatial scales, Sq(λ) ∼ λΩ(q), is used as a t...

This study examines space-time characteristics of seasonal rainfall predictability in a tropical region, by analyzing observed data and model simulations over Senegal. Predictability is analyzed in terms of the spatial coherence of observed interannual variability at the station scale, and within-ensemble coherence of general circulation model (GCM) simulations with observed sea surface tempera...

Substantial amounts of nutrients are lost from soils through leaching. These losses can be environmentally damaging, causing groundwater eutrophication and also comprise an economic burden in terms of lost agricultural production. More intense precipitation events caused by climate change will likely aggravate this problem. So far it is unresolved to which extent soil biota can make ecosystems ...

1. introduction rainfall intensity and duration are one of the most important factors in the occurrence of landslides; therefore, nowadays rainfall is recognized as the most common and triggering factor in the occurrence of landslides. since raw data of landslide displacement is very important to researchers in order to study the deformation process and laws of landslide displacement, the globa...

Stochastic weather generators are useful for producing daily sequences that reproduce climatic statistics aggregated to, e.g., a monthly time scale, for use with biological simulation models. This paper describes a stochastic weather generator that disaggregates monthly rainfall by adjusting input parameters or by constraining output to match target rainfall totals, and demonstrates its use wit...