Early Jurassic fossil plants from sedimentary rocks of Tabbowa, Sri Lanka show a variety of evidence for plant-insect interactions indicative of a terrestrial habitat prevailed in the Gondwanaland. The observed interactions are skelitonizing, blotch and galls, ovipositions or coprolites, leaf mines and leaf chewing. These traces indicate that insects had associated the plants for various purpos...

Previous blotch identification algorithms perform identification process for each pixel in current frame, which are time-consuming. To deal with this issue, a blotch identification algorithm based on edge detection is proposed in this work. Above all, edges of current frame are extracted by edge detectors, blotch identification area is limited to edge pixels and pixels nearby. To further reduce...

INTRODUCTION Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a Gram-negative xylem-limited bacterium that causes Pierce’s disease (PD), plum leaf scald, almond leaf scorch, phony peach disease and many other diseases. For many plant species there is no resistant germplasm. Xylem vessels may be filled with exopolysaccharides produced by the bacterium, and pectins, gums and tyloses produced by the plant. There has be...

the genetic diversity among 56 almond (prunus dulcis) genotypes was analysed using 35 microsatellite markers and 14 morphological traits. analysis of morphological traits revealed a wide range of variation among the studied genotypes. out of 35 simple sequence repeats (ssrs) markers, 25 were polymorphic, producing 215 alleles that varied from 2 to 16 with an average of 8.76 alleles per locus. r...

Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) is a significant disease in some wheat-growing regions of the world. Resistance in wheat to Stagonospora nodorum is complex, whereby genes for seedling, flag leaf, and glume resistance are independent. The aims of this study were to identify alternative genes for flag leaf resistance, to compare and contrast with known quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SNB resi...

wheat septoria leaf blotch disease caused by mycosphaerella graminicola   is one of the most  important diseases of wheat in iran and the world .evaluation the reaction of wheat genotypes and on the other hand identifying pathogen virulence factors are necessary for a successful breeding program. the aim of this study was to assess the adult plant responses of iranian bread and durum wheat geno...

A field experiment was conducted on almond (Prunus dulcis) to study the effect of N&K fertigation on growth, yields and leaf nutrient status over two seasons (2011 and 2012) in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. There were six treatments, namely, T1--100% recommended dose of fertilizers as soil application, T2--100% RDF through fertigations, T3--75% RDF through fertigation, T4--75% RDF through...

Four new species of Badis are described from West Bengal, India. Badis andrewraoi, new species, is diagnosed by a combination of characters which include absence of a black caudal-fin margin, absence of a conspicuous dark blotch on pectoral-fin base, absence of cleithral and opercular blotches, absence of a blotch on the dorsolateral aspect of the caudal peduncle, absence of an ocellus on the c...

Despite the numerous studies on the effect of the magnetic field on plants, the exact mechanism of these effects has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of magnetic field on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of two almond species (Amygdalus scoparia and A. eburnea). For this purpose, 21-day-old almond plants were affected by 10 mT static magnetic fie...