Classical molecular dynamics simulations of several aqueous alkali halide salt solutions have been used to determine the effect of electrolytes on the structure of water and the hydration properties of calcium ions. Compared with the simulations of Ca(2+) ions in pure liquid water, the frequency of water exchange in the first hydration shell of calcium, which is a fundamental process in control...

Small monovalent ions are able to polarize carbonaceous nanostructures significantly. We report a systematic investigation of how monovalent and divalent ions influence valence electronic structure of graphene. Pure density functional theory is employed to compute electronic energy levels. We show that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of an alkali ion (Li(+), Na(+)) fits between t...

We have observed bulk solidification of 4He induced by nucleation on positive alkali ions in pressurized superfluid helium. The ions are extracted into the liquid from alkali-doped solid He by a static electric field. The experiments prove the existence of charged particles in a solid structure composed of doped He that was recently shown to coexist with superfluid helium below the He solidific...

Silver (Ag) and thallium (Tl) are nonessential elements that can be highly toxic to a number of biota even when present in the environment at trace levels. In spite of that, the literature on the chemistry and fate of Ag and Tl in soils is extremely scanty. In that context, the key objective of this research was to compare the sorption characteristics of trace amounts of Ag and Tl on a range of...

Thermal diffusion of cations has been studied in face-centered cubic Li2S04 containing small amounts of other sulfates (temp, range 590 — 750 °C), in body-centered cubic LiAgS04 containing about 0.5% of other alkali sulfates (450—550 °C) and in body-centered cubic LiNaS04 (546 to 588 °C). For the fee systems the size of the added cation was of great importance for the thermal diffusion. Thus, f...

Alkali treated Citrus limetta peels were used for recovery of Ga(III) from its aqueous solution. The raw and alkali treated peels were characterized for functional groups. The efficiency of adsorption increased from 47.62 mg/g for raw peels to 83.33 mg/g for alkali treated peels. Between pH 1 and 3, the adsorption increased and thereafter decreased drastically. The adsorption followed pseudosec...

Recent progress on the development of an energy-tunable positronium beam is reviewed. We describe experimental results for the efficient emission of positronium negative ions from alkali-metal coated tungsten surfaces. The ions generated using this technique have been accelerated by an electric field and photodetached in order to produce positronium beams with a hitherto unrealized energy range...

in the present study, we investigate the potentiometric behavior of cu2+ carbon paste electrodes based on two mercapto compounds 2-ethylmino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (eamt) and 2-acetylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (aamt) self-assembled on gold nano-paricle (gnp) as ionophore. then, the results obtained from the modified electrodes are compared. the self-assembled ionophores exhibit a ...

Pressing solid barbituric acid with KBr to prepare samples for IR spectroscopy leads to the formation of an ionic co-crystal, in which the co-former is a classical ionic salt; co-crystal formation is also obtained with the other alkali bromides (LiBr, NaBr, RbBr and CsBr) and with caesium iodide. The simultaneous presence of alkali and halide ions affects the dissolution properties of barbituri...

In this paper we study the influence of electron screening on Bohr-Weisskopf (BW) effect in many-electron atoms. The BW gives finite-nucleus magnetization contribution to hyperfine structure. Relativistic atomic many-body calculations are performed for s and p_1/2 states several systems interest studies parity violation time-reversal-violating electric dipole moments -- Rb, Cs, Fr, Ba+, Ra+, Tl...