Genetic studies have shown an association between schizophrenia and a GAG trinucleotide repeat (TNR) polymorphism in the catalytic subunit (GCLC) of the glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), the key enzyme for glutathione (GSH) synthesis. The present study was aimed at analyzing the influence of a GSH dysregulation of genetic origin on plasma thiols (total cysteine, homocysteine, and cysteine-glycin...

The complexation of the Pt-based anti-cancer drug oxaliplatin (OxPt) with biological ligands other than DNA is believed to be a major cellular sink for the drug reducing its therapeutic effect and acting as a potential cause of toxicity. In this paper, linear ion trap electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was employed to study the interaction of oxaliplatin with the cytoplasmic thiol contai...

There is a great diversity of the acute drugs overdose cases in clinical toxicology. Clinical situation is complicated by the coexistence of factors predisposing to the development of adverse drug reactions (chronic use of drugs, polypharmacy, alcohol or drugs dependence, nutritional disorders) and by the presence of chronic organ damage, especially the liver and the kidney. The aim of this stu...

BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a type of cancer that is strongly associated with oxidative damage and oxidative stress. Tobacco and alcohol - sources of massive quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) - have been clearly identified as etiologic factors that contribute to these malignancies. Considering the role of glutathione (GSH) in ROS detoxification, we hypo...

introduction: heavy metals are important occupational and environmental pollutants that cause damage to various organs. although there is no effective therapy for such a poisoning, metallothionein has been shown to play a key role in the detoxification of cadmium (cd). evidence in the literature suggests that superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase constitute important defens...

Cr(VI) genotoxicity is caused by products of its reductive metabolism inside the cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Cr(V,IV) intermediates are potential sources of oxidative damage by Cr(VI). Here, we investigated seven fluorescent probes for the detection of ROS and non-ROS oxidants in Cr(VI) reactions with its main reducers. We found that Cr(V)-skipping metabolism of Cr(VI) by ascorbate...

Single doses of 3SS-labeled reduced glutathione (GSH) were administered intraperitoneally to groups of normal and tumorbearing mice, and radioactivity was determined in the protein and non-protein fractions of blood serum. The results show that GSH is taken up rapidly by the albumin fraction of serum pro tein. Experiments in vitro showed that both mouse and human serum albumin react with GSH in...

BACKGROUND There is mounting clinical evidence that ethanol toxicity to the pancreas is linked with glutathione depletion from oxidative stress but there is not experimental proof that this occurs. AIMS AND METHODS The effect of acute ethanol ingestion (4 g/kg) on the pancreatic content of reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), and carbonyl proteins were therefo...

Oxidant stress, in vivo or in vitro, is known to induce oxidative changes in human red blood cells (RBCs). Our objective was to examine the effect of augmenting RBC glutathione (GSH) synthesis on 1) degenerative protein loss and 2) RBC chemokine- and free radical-scavenging functions in the oxidatively stressed human RBCs by using banked RBCs as a model. Packed RBCs were stored up to 84 days at...

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is acknowledged to result in disease development and progression. Cigarette smoke (CS) is known to deplete total glutathione (GSH + GSSG) in the airways. We hypothesized that components in the gaseous phase of CS may irreversibly react with GSH to form GSH derivatives that cannot be red...