Studies on the yolk and albumen content in bird eggs, and the effects of variations in their relative loads in the phenotype of the birds, have revealed multiple consequences at different levels of biological organization, from biochemical traits to behavior. However, little is known about the effect of albumen variation on energetics performance during development and early ontogeny, despite t...

Mycoplasma infections are pandemic in multiage layer chicken flocks, with Mycoplasma gallisepticum being the species of greatest concern to commercial egg producers. Live M. gallisepticum vaccines are presently being used to help control M. gallisepticum outbreaks. However, vaccination of layers with F-strain M. gallisepticum may adversely affect egg production. In the present study, 2 trials w...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin c on laying hens performance, egg characteristics and some blood parameters under normal rearing condition. one hundred and ninety two 24 - weeks - old laying hens diet were used in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments (0, 250, 500 and 750 mg vitamin c/kg diet) and 4 replicates for 105 days. although feed consumption, ...

The present study was conducted to determine egg production traits and egg quality characteristics in black and brown lines of Japanese quail. A total of 500 quails comprising 400 females and 100 males obtained from two breeding centers were raised according to the standard procedure for Japanese quail. They were grouped in according to their plumage colours. Age at first egg-laying has been re...

This experiment studied the effect of four calcium (3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5%) and four available phosphorus levels (0.25, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40%) in the diet of semi-heavy commercial layers after molting. Hisex Brown layers between 90 and 108 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with a 4x4 factorial arrangement with 16 treatments of five replicates of eight...

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a major cause of food-borne diseases in industrialized countries. The incidence of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis infections has increased substantially in recent decades, and S. enterica serovar Enteritidis is now one of the leading serovars of Salmonella in the United States. A unique epidemiological characteristic of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis...

Presence of blood spots in eggs has been correlated with a greater rate of Salmonella Enteritidis contamination. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether Salmonella inoculated into egg albumen with naturally occurring blood spots would survive or grow. In each of 3 trials, white shell table eggs with blood spots were collected from a commercial egg-processing plant after candlin...

such aabiotic stresses like water stress are some of the most important threats to the production of agricultural crops. it is almost very rare to find a place with no stress where plants can reach their potential yield. a water stress of 17 percent decrease yield, due to its effect upon fruit setting is notable. therefore, a study was conducted in bushehr agricultural research center (located ...

Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) from aromatic water (AW) of Zataria multiflora. Thymol (66.9%), carvacrol (15.2%), and carvone (7.3%) were found to be the major EO constituents. Eighty laboratory BALB/c mice were infected intraperitoneally by injection of 1,500 viable protoscol...