To carry out the investigation, a cylinder pressure model was developed based on the position of the crankshaft, engine load, engine speed, and fuel injection time. This model takes into account the maximum number of parameters involved. The accuracy of the model was verified by experimental results. The average error of the cylinder pressure, the average radical of the square of the error of t...

Practically all of life's molecular processes, from chemical synthesis to replication, involve enzymes that carry out their functions through the catalytic transformation of metastable fuels into waste products. Catalytic control of reaction rates will prove to be as useful and ubiquitous in nucleic-acid-based engineering as it is in biology. Here we report a metastable DNA "fuel" and a corresp...

Keywords: Vehicle fuel economy Eco-driving Human–machine interface Autonomous vehicle Driving simulator analysis a b s t r a c t Motor vehicle powered by regular gasoline is one of major sources of pollutants for local and global environment. The current study developed and validated a new fuel-economy optimization system (FEOS), which receives input from vehicle variables and environment varia...

In this study, the newly designed bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was produced by spray-coating the Ni65Cr15P16B4 metallic glassy alloy on Al plate. The Ni65Cr15P16B4 metallic glass was adopted as a coating material because of its excellent corrosion resistance and the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray coating was used for the metallic glass deposition on the Al ...

An important concern for any nation wishing to convert to alternate, environmentally friendly energy sources is the development of appropriate fuel distribution infrastructure. We address the problem of optimally locating gas station facilities for developing nations, like India, which are in the process of converting from leaded to unleaded fuel. Importantly, a similar approach may be used in ...

We present a 60-year record of the stable isotopes of atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) from firn air samples collected under the framework of the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) project. CO concentration, δ13C, and δ18O of CO were measured by gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (gc-IRMS) from trapped gases in the firn. We applied LGGE-GIPSA firn air models (Witrant et ...

INTRODUCTION The different volatility of the components of a fuel mixture will result in different vaporization rates of components at the droplet surface, and the fuel becomes non-uniform inside the liquid phase because of the mass diffusion resistance inside the droplet. For practical, multidimensional simulations of IC engines, zero-dimensional models for the liquid phase are necessary becau...

1 Corn grain produced on fertile cropland is used for both human and livestock consumption. However, co-production of distiller’s grains notwithstanding, the use of corn grain and fertile cropland to produce fuel remains controversial, driving interest in cellulosic fuels generated from vegetative (non-grain) plant biomass (Biello, 2011; Wetzstein and Wetzstein, 2011; Bonin and Lal, 2012). Bioe...

The usage of biomass fuel for heat and power production is growing due to an increasing demand for replacing of fossil energy sources with renewable energy. Typical biomass fuel is usually a blend of different batches, for example, spruce bark and dry woodchips with varying moisture content between 30% and 55%. This varying moisture content of the fuel results in uncertainty in the energy conte...

gasoline filling station workers Ansari-Lari et al reported that the sex ratio (proportion male) of offspring of men exposed to petroleum fuel is significantly low as contrasted with controls. If confirmed, this is an important result. It is in contrast with reports of significantly high offspring sex ratios in communities exposed to active seepages of natural gas and oil and to petrochemical a...