extended abstractintroduction the recognition of behaviors of the atmospheric circulation patterns and effective climatic elements in occurrence of flood is very important, especially because abnormal climate changes such as global warming in recent years tend to change in atmospheric circulation patterns and outbreak climatic inelegances in many areas in the world. intensive and torrential pre...

there are a number of ideas to generate cloud and precipitation in the southern coasts of caspian sea, but none of them explain the cause of precipitation particularly heavy and super heavy precipitations precisely. this study describes main thermodynamic factors when the situation and location of synoptic patterns are effective. on the basis of daily data, monthly regimes and monthly trends of...

Angiotensin II, a constrictor and mitogen of vascular smooth muscle cells, affects the release of endothelium-derived factors such as nitric oxide or endothelin-1. This study investigated the influence of endothelin-1, using the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist LU135252, on blood pressure and endothelial function in angiotensin II-induced hypertension in the rat. Two weeks of angioten...

The ability to obtain laser based quantitative temperature measurements is particularly important in high pressure environments. In this study, quantitative temperature measurements using Laser Induced Thermal Grating Spectroscopy (LITGS) were employed for a toluene vapor/air jet varying the toluene concentration and pump laser power. In LITGS, the gas temperature at the crossing point of two p...

Exercise and eucapnic hyperventilation with cold air can produce bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects, but their enhancement of nonspecific bronchial reactivity remains unclear. We studied the effect of submaximal exercise and cold air exposure on bronchial reactivity to methacholine in a normal control group (n = 10) and in subjects with bronchial asthma (n = 17). Bronchial provocation te...

hypothermia generates potentially severe complications in operating or recovery room. forced air warmer is effective to maintain body temperature. extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (elf-emf) is harmful to human body and mainly produced by electronic equipment including convective air warming system. we investigated elf-emf from convective air warming device on various temperature se...

The achievement of flight with manned, powered, heavier-than-air aircraft in 1903 marked the beginning of a new era in the means of transportation. A special advantage for aircraft was in speed. However, when an aircraft penetrates the air at very high speeds, the disturbed air is compressed and there are changes in the density, pressure and temperature of the air. These compressibility effects...