Twin B, weighing 1200 g, was born at 30 weeks gestation to a 17-year-old gravida 2, para 0 mother. Apgar scores were 7 at 1 min and 8 at 5 min. Apnea and bradycardia were treated by endotracheal intubation. Hyaline membrane disease was present clinically and radiographically. Right pneumothorax present on day 1 and left pneumothorax on day 2 were treated by bilateral chest tube placement. A nec...

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an unusual and benign condition in which air is present in mediastinum. A 20-year-old male patient presented to ED with complaint of hoarseness and odynophagia from the day before, after weightlifting. The patient was nonsmoker and denied history of other diseases. On physical examination he had no dyspnea with normal vital signs. Throat examination and pulmonar...

Here we present a case of a neonate with NEC, with an emphasis on portal venous gas. A 21-day-old neonate born at full term with normal vaginal delivery presented with poor feeding and vomiting. An abdominal US was ordered with a clinical suspicion of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. It revealed foci of free air within the peritoneal cavity and air within the walls of the small bowel loops (Figur...

A 20-year-old Chinese man, with a history of chronic rhinitis, was admitted to our hospital in July 2011, with sudden severe non-radiating retrosternal chest discomfort. He had had a recent upper respiratory tract illness with sore throat and running nose that induced forceful sneezing. He denied any accidental trauma to the chest. On admission, the respiratory rate was 18 breaths/min, oxygen s...

Hamman's syndrome is a rare condition represented by spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Excessive Valsalva maneuver during vaginal delivery and excessive retching, coughing, and straining are frequently reported causes. The incidence of Hamman's syndrome is believed to be 1 in 100,000 deliveries. The pathophysiology of this condition is rupture of alveoli and seepage of a...

Spontaneous medialstinal emphysema (pneumomediastinum) and pneumopericardium may be defined as the presence of free air or gas in the mediastinal structures and in the pericardial sac without an apparent precipitating cause. It most frequently occurs in young healthy adults without serious underlying pulmonary disease. Although pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium is often asymptomatic, it m...

Abstract Pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition with potential iatrogenic causes which can extend to pneumomediastinum and pneumoperitoneum. Risk factors of spontaneous pneumothorax include prematurity, low birthweight, APGAR scores caesarean-section delivery. A 1255 grams preterm boy (Twin-2) was born at 28+3 weeks gestation by emergency lower segment caesarean section. He showed signs r...

We report the case of an 80-year-old man who developed a colocutaneous fistula as a complication of anastomotic leakage following segmental colonic resection. The patient presented with an abscess of the abdominal wall, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, pneumorrhachis, and pneumoscrotum. We discuss the possible mechanisms for these unusual clinical presentations of extrap...