Oxides of Nitrogen are the major emission from a diesel engine. It is due to heterogeneous diffusion combustion system with fuel-rich regions, which produce high local temperature around the periphery of the spray where high formation rate of NO is promoted. Various techniques are therefore employed to reduce the NOX emission like EGR, SCR, etc. In this present work a rotating injector is a tec...

The results from a steady, viscous flow simulation of the main flowpath of a modern jet engine transonic highpressure turbine, transition duct, and first vane of the low-pressure turbine, coupled with the secondary-air system under the high-pressure turbine, is presented. The secondary-air system configuration includes the lower cavity near the centerline, the mid-cavity with the tangential onb...

In this work, a residential air conditioning compressor designed for vapor injection has been modified in order to inject large quantities of oil into the working chamber in order to approach an isothermal compression process. For a range of different oil injection scenarios, the result is a monotonic decrease in compressor discharge temperature as the oil injection rate is increased. In additi...

Objective(s) Air pouch is a well-established inflammatory model in which fluid extravasations; leukocyte migration, angiogenesis and other parameters involved in the inflammatory response can be measured. In this study, the influence of gender on inflammatory parameters has been examined in the air pouch model. Materials and Methods To induce air pouch, adult male and female Wistar rats were...

PURPOSE To present a case of preoperative subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) as a complication of trans-cricothyroid membrane (TCM) injection of lidocaine for awake intubation. CLINICAL FEATURES A 48-yr-old man with cervical myelopathy was scheduled for elective cervical discectomy. Airway topical anesthesia consisted of lidocaine pledgets and TCM injection. After successful awake fibreoptic intuba...

This study aims to investigate the dynamics characteristics of liquid jet injected from a needle-free injection device by analyzing the the flow visualization from the high-speed video camera and the CFD calculation. This is to investigate the jet flow phenomena (e.g. penetration, dispersion, velocity) in the quiescent air and in the tissue simulant (20% polyacrylamide gel) as the further infor...

Surplus water from seawater desalination plants along the Israeli Coast can be injected underground for seasonal storage. Two pilot projects were established to simulate the movement of air bubbles and changes in the well hydraulic parameters during pumping and recharging. The study showed that it is impossible to remove the smaller air bubbles (dissolved air) that are created during the inject...

Homogeneous charge compression ignition technology has exhibited high potential to reduce fuel consumption and NOx emissions over normal spark-ignition engines significantly. Optimized kinetic process technology is implemented to realize homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion in a port fuel injection gasoline engine. The combustion and emission characteristics are investigated with ...

PURPOSE During deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), endothelium and Descemet's membrane are separated from the corneal stroma by intrastromal air injection ('big-bubble technique'). The aim of our study is to analyse histopathological changes in host corneal tissue caused by air insufflation in patients with keratoconus, their variability in 10 patients and their possible clinical implic...