attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is a highly heritable neuropsychiatric disorder associated with significant impairments in occu pational, academic, neuropsychological, and social functioning. central nervous system (cns) stimulants are recommended as first-line medication therapy for children. cns stimulants include formulations of methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives and...

Background: In this article, the authors present evidence–based clinical recommendations regarding the use of nonfluoride caries preventive agents. The recommendations were developed by an expert panel convened by the American Dental Association (ADA) Council on Scientific Affairs. The panel addressed several questions regarding the efficacy of non–fluoride agents in reducing the incidence of c...

Among the non-monotonic reasoning processes, abduction is one of the most important. Usually described as the process of looking for explanations, it has been recognized as one of the most commonly used in our daily activities. Still, the traditional definitions of an abductive problem and an abductive solution mention only theories and formulas, leaving agency out of the picture. Our work prop...