1 Principles and Instrumentation 3 1.1 Proteome and Proteomics 3 1.2 Need for Large-scale Analyses of Gene Products at the Protein Level 3 1.3 General Problems in Proteome Analyses 4 1.4 MS Instrumentation 5 1.4.1 Ionization Methods 6 1.4.2 Mass Analyzers 8 1.4.3 MS/MS 9 1.5 Methods of Sample Fractionation 10 1.5.1 2D-electrophoretic Separation of Complex Protein Mixtures 11 1.5.2 Liquid-phase ...

This paper presents an inertial microfluidic device with a simple serpentine micro-channel to continuously separate particles with high performance. Separation of micro/nano-particles has a variety of potential applications in biomedicine and industry. Among the existing separation technologies, a label-free technique without the use of antibody affinity, filter or centrifugation is highly desi...

This review highlights on-line sample preconcentration by large-volume sample stacking with an electroosmotic flow pump (LVSEP) in microscale electrophoresis. LVSEP requires only a hydrodynamic sample injection into the whole capillary/microchannel and a constant voltage application, i.e., without polarity switching, providing an efficient sensitivity enhancement with a relatively easy experime...

Allostery is well documented for proteins but less recognized for DNA-protein interactions. Here, we report that specific binding of a protein on DNA is substantially stabilized or destabilized by another protein bound nearby. The ternary complex's free energy oscillates as a function of the separation between the two proteins with a periodicity of ~10 base pairs, the helical pitch of B-form DN...

Immobilized metal-ion affinity (IMA) adsorption is a collective term that is used to include all kinds of adsorptions where the metal ion serves as the characteristic and most essential part of adsorption center. Of all the IMA techniques, immobilized metal-affinity chromato graphy (IMAC) has been gaining popularity as the choice of purification technique for proteins. IMAC represents a separat...

We present an algorithm to perform blind, one-microphone speech separation. Our algorithm separates mixtures of speech without modeling individual speakers. Instead, we formulate the problem of speech separation as a problem in segmenting the spectrogram of the signal into two or more disjoint sets. We build feature sets for our segmenter using classical cues from speech psychophysics. We then ...

A strategy has been developed to express and purify a recombinant, nonfunctional axial-ligand mutant of iso-1-cytochrome c (Met-80-->Ala) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in quantities necessary for extensive biophysical characterization. It involves coexpressing in the same plasmid (YEp213) the nonfunctional gene with a functional gene copy for complementation in a selective medium. The functional ...

Isolation of low abundance proteins or rare cells from complex mixtures, such as blood, is required for many diagnostic, therapeutic and research applications. Current affinity-based protein or cell separation methods use binary 'bind-elute' separations and are inefficient when applied to the isolation of multiple low-abundance proteins or cell types. We present a method for rapid and multiplex...

The generation of nucleic acid aptamers with high affinity typically entails a time-consuming, iterative process of binding, separation, and amplification. It would therefore be beneficial to develop an efficient selection strategy that can generate these high-quality aptamers rapidly, economically, and reproducibly. Toward this goal, we have developed a method that efficiently generates DNA ap...

Mutant, but not wild-type p53 binds with high affinity to a variety of MAR-DNA elements (MARs), suggesting that MAR-binding of mutant p53 relates to the dominant-oncogenic activities proposed for mutant p53. MARs recognized by mutant p53 share AT richness and contain variations of an AATATATTT "DNA-unwinding motif," which enhances the structural dynamics of chromatin and promotes regional DNA b...