The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) on the NASA B200 aircraft has acquired large datasets of aerosol extinction (532nm), backscatter (532 and 1064nm), and depolarization (532 and 1064nm) profiles during 18 field missions across North America since 2006. The lidar measurements include scale-invariant aerosol parameters that vary with aerosol typ...

Infants have low tidal volume, vital capacity, and functional residual capacity, and short respiratory cycles (low I:E ratio), which result in a low residence time for aerosol particles and, thus, low pulmonary deposition of aerosol particles (< 1% of the nominal dose), compared to adults (8-22%). Scintigraphy data suggest aerosol deposition of < 1% in both intubated and nonintubated infants. I...

INTRODUCTION A 16 m(3) whole-body exposure chamber for human exposure to aerosols is described. Several modifications of the aerosol generation and distribution system were needed to ensure a stable aerosol concentration in the chamber, especially when a cyclone pre-classifier was used. RESULTS After these modifications, stable aerosol concentrations of aluminium oxide with a volume median di...

Previous aerosol studies utilizing solid-phase microextraction (SPME) predominantly focused on volatile and semivolatile compounds in the gaseous phase. Difficulties were associated with quantitative analysis of these compounds when they were associated with atmospheric particles. The present study combines SPME technology with that of carboxen packed needles (needle trap, NT) for analysis of g...

Article history: Received 15 September 2015 Received in revised form 2 December 2015 Accepted 4 December 2015 Available online 14 December 2015 With worldwide urbanization, hazy weather has been increasingly frequent, especially in the North China Plain. However, haze aerosol monitoring remains a challenge. In this paper, MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements were u...

Aerosol spectral measurements by sunphotometers can be characterized by three independent pieces of information: 1) the optical thickness (AOT), a measure of the column aerosol concentration, 2) the optical thickness average spectral dependence, given by the Angstrom exponent (α), and 3) the spectral curvature of α (δα). We propose a simple graphical method to visually convert (α, δα) to the co...

The aerosol direct radiative effect (DRE) of African smoke was analyzed in cloud scenes over the southeast Atlantic Ocean, using Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY) satellite observations and Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 2 (HadGEM2) climate model simulations. The observed mean DRE was about 30–35 W m−2 in August and September 200...

A simple, inexpensive apparatus for generating aerosol particles with uniform size can be built from commonly available inkjet printer technology. The apparatus is capable of producing a continuous stream of liquid droplets at frequencies up to order 10 Hz, or it can produce single droplets on demand. At low frequencies (. 10 Hz) where coalescence is not important, droplets have a radius of app...

We develop the thermodynamic underpinnings of a two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D-VBS) employing saturation mass concentration (Co) and the oxygen content (O:C) to describe volatility, mixing thermodynamics, and chemical evolution of organic aerosol. The work addresses a simple question: “Can we reasonably constrain organic-aerosol composition in the atmosphere based on only two measurab...

Aerosol scattering is an important source of error in CO2 retrievals from satellite. This paper presents an analysis of aerosol information content from the Cloud and Aerosol Polarimetric Imager (CAPI) onboard the Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite (TanSat) to be launched in 2016. Based on optimal estimation theory, aerosol information content is quantified from radiance and polarizat...