This work aimed to prepare a nanoemulsion preparation containing budesonide and assess its aerodynamic behavior in comparison with suspension of budesonide. In-vitro aerodynamic performance of the corresponding micellar solution (ie. nanoemulsion preparation without oil) was investigated too. Nanoemulsions of almond oil containing budesonide, as a hydrophobic model drug molecule, were prepared ...

some physical properties such as geometrical, gravimetrical, frictional and aerodynamic features of seeds of desi chickpea and its splits were studied at a moisture content of 8.2 and 9.0% w., respectively from north-western of iran. geometrical and gravimetrical properties including the average length, width, thickness, the geometric mean of diameter, sphericity, 1000-seed weight, unit weight,...

in this work, harmony search meta-heuristic optimization algorithm has been developed for aerodynamic shape optimization problem for the first time. the aerodynamic shape, which has been investigated, is an airfoil with parces method for its shape parameterization. the problem was minimization of aerodynamic objective function using inverse design method and the objective function has been the ...

with speed increasing in high-speed trains, due to limitations of other types of brakes, aerodynamic brake has become an important braking method. in this task to make better use of brake’s panel different configurations are examined and the best panel shape which provides the reasonable drag coefficient is introduced. the results of simulations are carried out with the computational fluid dyna...

suspended particles with aerodynamic diameters not greater than 2.5 μm (pm2.5) were sampledat the urban background, regional background and urban traffic points in southern poland. in total, 120 sampleswere collected between 2nd august 2009 and 27th december 2010. 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs)and organic carbon (oc) were determined in each sample. the samples were collected with a ...

in recent years, design of small aircrafts are studied and extensively developed. one of the most important of these aircrafts is micro aerial vehicles (mavs). as part of aerodynamic design of mavs, the wing design is important. in fact, the main part of this design is to find an appropriate shape for the wing. in this work, influence of the wing shape at low reynolds number flow is investigate...

New procedures for the analysis of heat flow are summarized and further applications are presented. The methods may be considered as a special case of a more general formulation of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. This formulation is based on the introduction of a new thermodynamic potential, the concept of flow field as a state variable, and the use of Lagrangian techniques and ge...

Various gaps in the surface of the supersonic aircraft have a significant effect on airflows. In order to predict the effects of attack angle, Mach number and width-to-depth ratio of gap on the local aerodynamic heating environment of supersonic flow, two-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by the finite volume method, where convective flux of space term adopts the Roe f...

While spacecrafts experience temperatures from -120 to 110°C on the orbit, their surface reaches extremely high temperatures, well above 1000 °C, during descent into the atmosphere due to aerodynamic heating. Sophisticated insulation systems are designed for thermal protection. One of the steps in designing a protection system is experimental temperature measurements. Neutron flux induces point...