The study was carried out to identify risk factors associated with bacterial contamination of locally produced raw milk and its adulteration with water. A total of 419 respondents of different categories of milk agents in the study sites were sampled for data and milk collection in the dry and wet seasons. The data collected focused on milk marketing factors and handling practices likely to aff...

Recently there has been an increasing interest in the classification of edible oils as an effective means to examine authenticity and to detect possible adulteration of virgin olive oils with seed oils or low-quality olive oils. Classical methods based on gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are too expensive for widespread industrial use and require samples...

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is issuing this final rule to require domestic and foreign food facilities that are required to register under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act) to address hazards that may be introduced with the intention to cause wide scale public health harm. These food facilities are required to conduct a vulnerability assessment to identify...

The authentication of extra virgin olive oil and its adulteration with lower-priced oils are serious problems in the olive oil industry. In addition to the obvious effect on producer profits, adulteration can also cause severe health and safety problems. A number of techniques, including chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, have recently been employed to assess the purity of olive oils. I...

Throughout the history of workplace drug testing, individuals have attempted to subvert their drug test results to mask their use of illegal drugs. Urine workplace specimens have been subject to tampering, from early attempts involving household chemicals and simple dilution or substitution to current attempts using the multitude of readily available commercial adulteration and substitution pro...

Medicinal plants used in Indian System of Medicines (ISM) ASU (Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani) as Indian traditional source form of alternative medicine. In 20 and 21 century generations are becoming aware of side effects and adverse reactions of synthetic drugs, so there is an increasing interest in ASU. Adulteration and substitution of endangered ASU herbs is the burning problem in herbal pharmac...

Nitrogen compounds like urea and melamine are known to be commonly used for milk adulteration resulting in undesired intoxication; a well-known example is the Chinese episode occurred in 2008. The development of a rapid, reliable and economic test is of relevance in order to improve adulterated milk identification. Cyclic voltammetry studies using an Au working electrode were performed on adult...

The detection of adulteration in edible oils is a concern in the food industry, especially for the higher priced virgin olive oils. This article presents a low field unilateral nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method for the detection of the adulteration of virgin olive oil that can be performed through sealed bottles providing a non-destructive screening technique. Adulterations of an extra vi...

We conducted this study to investigate the magnitude of food adulteration during 1995-2011 and consumer awareness in Dhaka city. We reviewed results of food sample testing by Public Health Food Laboratory of Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution, Consumers Association of Bangladesh publications, reports from lay press, including those on mobile magistrate court op...

Basketter and Safford discuss estimating acceptable exposure levels based on data from human testing or from the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA), which is clearly the test that should be conducted for new chemicals or chemical registrations. However, LLNA data are not available for many existing chemicals which may nonetheless need to be evaluated under time and budgetary circumstances where new ...