Introduction: Malignant astrocytic gliomas are the most common and lethal brain malignancies due to their refractory to the current therapies. Nowadays, molecular targeted therapy has attracted great attention in treatment of glioma. Connexin 43 (Cx43) and micro ribonucleic acid- 21(miR-21) are among molecules that are involved in glioma development and progression. These molecules showed...

Decreased cardiac responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation has been observed in cholestatic liver disease, but the cause remains unclear. Previous reports have suggested that nitric oxide overproduction might have a role in cholestasis-induced bradycardia via inhibition of L-type calcium channels. In the present study, the digoxin has been used to increase cardiac Ca2+ transient in male Sprague...

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder characterized by the presence of symptoms (hallucinations, delusions), negative (decreased expressiveness), and cognitive (lack executive function). The exact etiology schizophrenia unknown, although it thought to be linked increased dopaminergic activity in mesolimbic neuronal pathway decreased prefrontal cortical pathway. Treatment includes both p...

Cardiac myocytes endogenously express α and β adrenergic receptors, prototypes of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. Depending upon the dose of norepinephrine (agonist) exposure, hypertrophy and apoptosis are initiated by differential induction of two discrete constituents of the transcription factor AP-1, i.e., FosB and Fra-1. We explored differential adrenergic signaling as a paradig...

The influence of adrenergic drugs and electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerves on concentrating function and motility in the feline gall bladder and on heptic bile secretion have been studied in vivo. It was found that electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerves and adrenergic alpha-receptor stimulation increase the rate of net water absorption from the gall bladder lumen. Adrenergic...

The pharmacologic response of bladder muscle strip of albino rabbits was studied in vitro. The effect of cholinergic and adrenergic agents and their antagonists were demonstrated with a log dose-response curve. Cholinergic receptors were abundant in detrusor muscle. While the excitory alpha adrenergic receptors existed in bladder neck, the inhibitory beta adrenergic receptors were predominant i...

Reovirus type 3 interfered with the binding of beta-adrenergic antagonist ligands to receptors on Y1 adrenal, C6 glioma, and mouse L cells. This inhibition of beta-adrenergic binding was dose related. Reovirus did not interfere with dopaminergic binding or isoproterenol-induced activation of adenylate cyclase. In addition, reovirus infected Y1 cells, which bind beta-adrenergic antagonist ligand...

Both a(vasoconstrictor) and (3(vasodilator) receptor activity was demonstrated in the coronary arteries of the unanesthetized dog independent of adrenergic receptors in the myocardium. In the y3-receptor blocked animal, a-adrenergic receptor activity was demonstrated after intravenous and intracoronary injections of epinephrine and norepinephrine by the occurrence of coronary vasoconstriction w...

BACKGROUND The morning surge of blood pressure (BP) is associated with alpha-adrenergic activity. We studied the association between the alpha-adrenergic morning surge in BP and silent cerebrovascular disease in elderly patients with hypertension. METHODS We conducted ambulatory BP monitoring three times (twice at baseline and after nighttime dosing of the alpha1-blocker doxazosin) in 98 elde...