We report the first case of a girl with vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who developed invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva at 12 years of age. Lesions resembling bowenoid papulosis covered the perianal area as well. She underwent a nonmutilating surgical excision of the infiltrating lesion. More than 3 years later, her clinical condition is excellent, ...

Adnexal torsion may occur in girls and adolescents. Often it is associated with ovarian diseases resulting in ovarian enlargement. Adnexal torsion may involve the ovary, fallopian tube or both, and the main sympton is acute pelvic pain. An 8-year-old girl complaining of acute pelvic and abdominal pain, who was previously diagnosed with precocious puberty and who received treatment with a GnRH a...

Acute confusional migraine (ACM) is a dramatic, rare manifestation of migraine described mostly for children and adolescents. There are few data on the treatment of an ACM attack. Prochlorperazine has been suggested as an effective drug. The authors of some reports have suggested that valproic acid may play a role in the prevention of ACM and as treatment for acute migraine headache in the adul...

Mature cystic teratoma is the most frequent benign ovarian neoplastic lesion in adolescents and is generally composed of fully differentiated tissue arising from multipotential three germinal layers. It accounts for approximately 50% of benign ovarian tumors in childhood. Rarely, a bilateral, synchronous, or metachronous presentation can be observed, supporting a conservative approach as the fi...

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) belongs to the group of soft tissue tumor and could occur at any anatomical site from the central nervous system to gastrointestinal tract. The lung and abdomen are commonly affected sites, however, pulmonary IMT is predominantly located within the parenchyma rather than presenting as endobronchial lesion. IMTs may occur in any age group, but they are ob...

Vulvovaginitis is a common condition in adolescents—especially sexually active girls. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by the presence of vulvitis in addition to a vaginal discharge. The physical characteristics of the vaginal discharge can point towards the most likely etiology. Gram stain, wet preparations and culture and sensitivity tests are indicated to define an exact etiology of vagini...

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a disease of the tropics and subtropics; and the most common cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy. In Nigeria, it is more common in the rain forest zone; though few case reports have been documented in the Northern part of Nigeria; it is often more common amongst adolescents and young adults and in individuals of low socio-economic class. They may be asymptomatic...

A 16-year-old girl with renal failure was transferred to our hospital for an extensive renal examination. Computerized tomography and ultrasonography showed multiple small cysts throughout the medulla of both kidneys. Histological findings revealed tubular atrophy and dilatation and marked periglomerular fibrosis, all of which were compatible with nephronophthisis. Her development and growth we...

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a major source of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus. Although diabetic ketoacidosis is often associated with dehydration and electrolyte disturbances, cases with gastrointestinal tract complications due to shock remain particularly unusual. Herein, we reported on a five-year-old girl who had severe diabetic ketoacidosis co...

Garre’s sclerosing osteomyelitis is a kind of chronic osteomyelitis that is mainly seen in children and adolescents. It was formerly documented only in long bones, particularly tibia. Proliferative osteomyelitis of the jaw was described only in the late 1970s. Since then, this clinical entity is well illustrated in dental literature and is frequently linked with an odontogenic infection, mainly...