We analyze patterns of genetic variation in extant human polymorphism data from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences single nucleotide polymorphism project to estimate human demographic parameters. We update our previous work by considering a larger data set (more genes and more populations) and by explicitly estimating the amount of putative admixture between modern humans a...

• To know the different systems for parenteral nutrition; their advantages and limits; • To know the risks associated with the compounding/ready-to-use preparation of AiO PN admixtures (GMP and potential incompatibility reactions) and the pharmacist’s tasks and responsibility for an admixing service; • To understand the general advice not to admix drugs to PN AiO admixtures, unless documented o...

BACKGROUND Significant precipitation produced by the dilution of diazepam (DZP) injection with an infusion fluid is a great concern for the clinical practice. In this study, the precipitation behavior under different conditions was investigated. METHOD For the sample preparation, DZP injections (Horizon injection and Cercine injection) were diluted with various infusion fluids (Saline, 5% glu...

The research aimed to assess the effect of bottom sediment on the content, bioaccumulation and translocation of heavy metals in maize biomass. The investigations were conducted in 2006-2007 as a pot experiment on light soil of the granulometric composition of weakly-loamy sand. The experimental design comprised 3 treatments: without sediment (I), a 5% sediment admixture (II) and a 10% sediment ...

For years, studies of founder populations and genetic isolates represented the mainstream of genetic mapping in the effort to target genetic defects causing Mendelian disorders. The genetic homogeneity of such populations as well as relatively homogeneous environmental exposures were also seen as primary advantages in studies of genetic susceptibility loci that underlie complex diseases. Europe...

The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular and respiratory effects and the bispectral scale index (BIS) as well as the recovery period characteristics in response to treatment with a propofol/alfentanil admixture of different concentrations in dogs undergoing splenectomy. We conducted a prospective, randomised, blinded experimental trial. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained by c...

There is an ongoing debate in the field of human evolution about the possible contribution of Neanderthals to the modern human gene pool. To study how the Neanderthal private alleles may have spread over the genes of Homo sapiens, we propose a deterministic model based on recursive equations and ordinary differential equations. If the Neanderthal population was large compared to the Homo sapien...

Chronic obstructive and interstitial lung diseases impair pulmonary gas exchange leading to wasted ventilation (alveolar dead space) and wasted perfusion (venous admixture). These two fundamental types of abnormality represent opposite ends of the spectrum of ventilation-perfusion mismatch with V/Q ratios of infinity and zero. Treatment approaches that improve airway function, reduce air trappi...