BACKGROUND Allergy represents a risk factor at the base of sleep-disordered breathing in pediatric age. Among allergic diseases, the atopy is characterized by a tendency to be "hyperallergic." Sleep-disordered breathing is also known in orthodontics as correlated with the morphology of craniofacial complex. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between atopy and sleep-disordered...

Paradoxical breathing or “paradoxical inward rib cage movements” without frank sleep apnea is a clinical description of the “upper airway resistance syndrome”. Upper airway resistance syndrome is thought to be a distinct entity and not just a part of the continuum of obstructive sleep apnea; paradoxical breathing in children appears to be a separate entity from the classic patient with marked a...

Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is a major cause of obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) in childhood. Increased respiratory effort associated with OSAS is accompanied by an increase in pulse transit time (PTT) but also mandibular movements (MMs) amplify with increased upper airway resistance. We compared dynamic changes in PTT and MMs using a magnetic distance sensor during polysomnography (PSG) in a pre...

Intraoperative oxygen supplementation to sedated children has been shown to prevent hemoglobin desaturations even in the presence of apnea during pediatric conscious sedation. Although many practitioners deliver supplemental oxygen via a nasal hood, this method is impractical and often unsuccessful if the child is a mouth breather, has moderate adenotonsillar hypertrophy or occasionally cries d...

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is a common and important problem in children. OSAS can lead to significant cardiopulmonary complications, poor growth and problems with learning and behavior. Many studies in the literature show that OSAS due to ATH causes pulmonary hypertension, ventricular hypertrophy and systemic hypertension in the pediatric po...

PURPOSE Chronic upper airway obstruction causes hypoxemic pulmonary vasoconstriction, which may lead to right ventricle (RV) dysfunction. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction in children. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate RV function in children with ATH. METHODS Twenty-one children (male/female, 15/6; mean age, 92.3¡¾39.0 months; age range, 4-15...