Let G be a graph with edge set (e1, e2, ...eN ). We independently associate to each edge ei of G a cost xi that is drawn from a Uniform [0, 1] distribution. Suppose F is a set of targeted structures that consists of subgraphs of G. We would like to buy a subset of F at small cost, however we do not know a priori the values of the random variables x1, ..., xN . Instead, we inspect the random var...

The procedures for purchasing surgical instruments and consumables are similar to those for purchasing equipment, which were addressed in our “Equipment for eye care” issue (number 73, September 2010). The major difference with consumables is that the number of items in stock (the ‘stock level’) must be monitored constantly. Consumables are generally fast moving and require frequent replacement...

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Consumer purchasing behavior of luxury goods in physical store is affected by various factors. There also exist factors that influence purchasing via online shopping. Through integrated analysis of these two kinds of factors, we can find factors that influence purchasing of luxury goods via online shopping. Questionnaire survey and quantitative analysis are needed measures in the research.

Health care systems are generating costs above reasonable limits. Assuring high service levels, especially in remote zones, leads to even higher costs. Based on a lean approach, this research aims at developing a new hospital purchasing process. A case study of a public hospital in a remote European area with high levels of demand uncertainty is used. The most common purchasing process is mappe...

Empirical support for purchasing power parity is mixed with results dependent on the time frame and countries under examination, the methodology employed, attempts to control for aggregation bias in the data, and whether adjustments are made to account for productivity differences across nations. As a central component of macroeconomic thinking, purchasing power parity is battered and battle-wo...